The vanadate cofactor in vanadium chloroperoxidase has been studied using UV-VIS absorption spectroscopy. A band is present in the near-UV that is red-shifted as compared to free vanadate and shifts in both position and intensity upon change in pH. Mutation of vanadate binding residues has a clear effect on the spectrum. Substrate-induced spectral effects allow direct measurement of separate ki...

The effect of vanadate on the ATP-induced disruption of trypsin-treated axonemes and the ATP-induced straightening of rigor wave preparations of sea urchin sperm was investigated. Addition of ATP to a suspension of trypsin-treated axonemes results in a rapid decrease in turbidity (optical density measured at 350 nm) concomitant with the disruption of the axonemes by sliding between microtubules...

Previous in vitro and in vivo studies have shown that sodium orthovanadate (vanadate), an inorganic vanadium compound, could effectively suppress radiation-induced p53-mediated apoptosis via both transcription-dependent and transcription-independent pathways. As a potent radiation protector administered at a dose of 20 mg/kg body weight (20 mg/kg) prior to total body irradiation (TBI) by intra-...

Fluoride and vanadate are known to induce the Ca(2+)-dependent K+ efflux. We found that both agents concomitantly induced the Ca(2+)-dependent 22Na+ influx. The extent of the Ca(2+)-dependent 22Na+ influx induced by vanadate was very small in human red blood cells but clearly visible in guinea-pig red blood cells. The effect of fluoride has been studied in human red blood cells only. The 22Na+ ...

Phorbol-14-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) (10-10 mol/l) inhibited the Ca-dependent K efflux (the Gárdos effect GE) induced by Ca, the hyperpolarisation accompanying the GE, the vanadate-induced Ca influx, and depolarised the membrane, in vanadate-treated human red blood cells (RBC). The GE induced by propranolol (PLL) was not inhibited by PMA. Both PMA and PLL stimulated the basal Ca influx. These ...

The vanadium-containing chloroperoxidase from the fungus Curvularia inaequalis is heterologously expressed to high levels in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Characterization of the recombinant enzyme reveals that this behaves very similar to the native chloroperoxidase. Site-directed mutagenesis is performed on four highly conserved active site residues to examine their role in catalysis. W...

The study of the effects exerted by vanadium on living systems has recently became an object of growing interest. In fact, the possibility to develop vanadium as a new drug in the treatment of diabetes and cancer calls for the individuation of the cellular vanadate-sensitive targets. Moreover, the fact that vanadium can be an environmental pollutant in urban and industrial areas, as a consequen...

When amphipathic cationic drugs are added to intact human RBCs. the RBCs first undergo a stomatocytic shape change and then. if relatively large amounts of drug are added and if the metabolic state of the RBC is appropriate. endocytic vacuoles form. Vanadate has a structural similarity to the transition state of phosphate. which presumably accounts for its ability to inhibit phosphohydrolases. ...

Multifunctionality of vanadate garnet phosphors in latent fingerprint detection, security inks, and dual-mode temperature sensing.