Various models of tumour growth are available in the literature. The first type describe the evolution of the cell number density when considered as a continuous visco-elastic material with growth. The second type describe the tumour as a set, and rules for the free boundary are given related to the classical Hele-Shaw model of fluid dynamics. Following previous papers where the material is des...

Steady state crack propagation produce substantial plastic strain gradients near the tip, which are accompanied by a high density of geometrically necessary dislocations and additional local strain hardening. Here, the objective is to study these gradient effects on Mode I toughness of a homogeneous rate-sensitive metal, using a higher order plasticity theory. Throughout, emphasis is on the tou...

abstract background: keratoconus is a bilateral corneal disease, which one way to cure it is to transplant. the transplantation may be rejected by recipient's immune system, which leads to failure of the graft. this study aimed to analysis the factors affecting bilateral corneal graft rejection based on copula function. methods: a sample of bilateral graft rejection times was assessed. since co...