Recent improvements in astronomical observations lead to the conclusion that the Hubble constant lies between 60 and 80 Mpc km−1 sec−1 and the age of the universe between 11 and 14 Gigayears. Taken together with recent observations of distant type Ia supernovae and the cosmic background radiation, these limits allow a check of the consequences of predictions made a decade ago using program univ...

This review is an updated version of a previous very brief overview[1] of the theory of vortons, meaning equilibrium states of cosmic string loops, and of the cosmological processes by which they can be produced in various scenarios. The main innovation here is to draw attention to the possibility of greatly enhanced vorton formation in cases for which the cosmic string current is of the strict...

Recent improvements in astronomical observations lead to the conclusion that the Hubble constant lies between 60 and 80 Mpc km sec and the age of the universe between 11 and 14 Gigayears. Taken together with recent observations of distant type Ia supernovae and the cosmic background radiation, these limits allow a check of the consequences of predictions made a decade ago using program universe...

In these lectures, I review the current status of cosmic strings and cosmic superstrings. I first discuss topological defects in the context of Grand Unified Theories, focusing in particular in cosmic strings arising as gauge theory solitons. I discuss the reconciliation between cosmic strings and cosmological inflation, I review cosmic strings dynamics, cosmic string thermodynamics and cosmic ...

We present the main characteristics of cosmic ray population in the atmosphere and its variability (11-and 22-year solar cycle variations, solar protons originating from powerful solar flares, energetic electron precipitation during geomagnetic disturbances and Forbush decreases of cosmic rays). The experimental data were obtained from the long-term cosmic ray monitoring in the atmosphere from ...

Abstract We present a new probe of purely gravitationally coupled sectors with large anisotropies. These anisotropies are damped via gravitational interactions the baryon-photon fluid, which is heated up in process. The injected heat causes measurable distortions cosmic microwave background spectrum. give analytic estimates for size and outline how to calculate them from first principles. metho...

Abstract We present a model-independent search for gravitational wave background from cosmic domain walls (DWs) in the NANOGrav 12.5 years dataset and International PTA Data Release 2. DWs that annihilate at temperatures ? 20–50 MeV with tensions (40–100 TeV) 3 provide as good fit to both datasets astrophysical supermassive black hole mergers. may decay into Standard Model (SM) or dark sector. ...

By using a simple analytical model based on counting random multiple impulses inflicted on photons by a network of cosmic strings we show how to construct the general q-point temperature correlation function of the Cosmic Microwave Background radiation. Our analysis is sensible specially for large angular scales where the Kaiser-Stebbins effect is dominant. Then we concentrate our study on the ...

We propose to search for a new type of gravitational wave signature relevant particle physics models with symmetries broken at vastly different energy scales. The spectrum contains characteristic double-peak structure consisting sharp peak from domain walls and smooth bump first order phase transition in the early universe. demonstrate how such signal arises theory unifying baryon number color ...