Counterfeit and illegal pharmaceutical products are an increasing worldwide problem and constitute a major challenge for analytical laboratories to detect and characterize them. Spectroscopic techniques such as infrared spectroscopy and Raman spectroscopy have always been the first methods of choice to detect counterfeits and illegal preparations, but due to the evolution in the seized products...

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Most approaches for product counterfeit detection are based on identification using some unique marks or properties implemented into each single product or its package. In this paper we investigate a classification approach involving existing packaging only in order to avoid higher production costs involved with marking each individual product. To detect counterfeit packages, images of the pack...

We address a well-known problem in combinatorics involving the identification of counterfeit coins with a systematic approach. The methodology can be applied to cases where the total number of coins is exceedingly large such that brute force or enumerative comparisons become impractical. Based on the principle behind this approach, the minimum effort necessary for identification of the counterf...

Economical and reliable thin layer chromatography methods for rapid screening of counterfeit drugs are described. The methods, which can be carried out in the field by inspectors with limited expertise, are based on the use of portable kits with standard reference tablets to eliminate weighing. Separations are performed on silica gel layers containing fluorescent indicator, and separated spots ...

Counterfeit pharmaceutical products are a real threat to the health of patients, and to the reputation and commercial success of legitimate producers of genuine products. NIR chemical imaging provides a rapid method for detecting and comparing suspected counterfeit products with no sample preparation. With appropriate choice of operating conditions, multiple samples can be compared simultaneous...

The pharmaceutical industry suffers from increasing counterfeit rates. Federal law restrictions force manufacturers to guarantee authenticity of their products. RFID technology can be used as foundation for an integer and counterfeit-resistant pharmaceutical supply chain. In the given paper, we introduce an architecture optimized for storing and searching of RFID data. It is specifically design...

Drug counterfeiting has exaggerated dramatically over the past decade causing a significant threat to human health. It must be processed in regard to medicines and the matter isn't restricted to a violation of belongings rights, however clearly involves every kind of poor quality pharmaceutical merchandise, including falsified and substandard medicine. The present paper discuss the review of th...

the civil sanction is one of the most important sanctions for protecting copyright. in french law a special action named counterfeit action is predicted, which not only compensate the damages but also it has a preventive effect. this action doesn't require the proving of the fault and the lawsuit can be done by the author and the person who is awareded the exclusive licence. in this legal ...