This case study involves two continuously cast steel crankshaft failures. Three parties performed their own failure analyses: (1) the engine manufacturer responsible for component design, specification, and application; (2) the steel supplier and forging supplier responsible for making the steel, forging the shape, and preliminary heat treatment; and (3) a supplier that provided induction harde...

In addition to material and production costs, consumption emission limits, the requirements for performance, efficiency space utilization must be met when it comes design of today's internal combustion engines automotive industry. As a result, three new trends have been emerged (based on J. Pfleghaar B. Lohmann's paper in 2013): 1. downsizing: reduction engine size (number pistons stroke) fuel ...