BACKGROUND Renal impairment is one of the predictors of mortality in cardiac surgery. Usually a binarized value of serum creatinine is used to assess the renal function in risk models. Creatinine clearance can be easily estimated by the Cockcroft and Gault equation from serum creatinine, gender, age and body weight. In this work we examine whether this estimation of the glomerular filtration ra...

Ten healthy adults participated in a randomized, crossover drug interaction study testing procainamide only, procainamide plus levofloxacin, and procainamide plus ciprofloxacin. During levofloxacin therapy, most procainamide and N-acetylprocainamide (NAPA) pharmacokinetic parameters, including decreased renal clearances and renal clearance/creatinine clearance ratios, changed (P < 0.05). During...

Abnormalities of glucose metabolism and hyperinsulinemia have been demonstrated in patients with end-stage renal disease and may contribute to the development of atherosclerotic complications in these patients. In the present study, we investigated the stage of renal failure in which abnormalities of glucose metabolism develop and whether these abnormalities were associated with an increased pr...

The amylase creatinine clearance ratio (ACCR) is considered to be a more sensitive index of acute pancreatitis than the serum amylase level. Serial ACCR estimations were undertaken in 25 patients undergoing an elective cholecystectomy. Using accepted criteria, 28% of these patients developed, in the postoperative period, biochemical evidence of pancreatic gland damage, although the serum amylas...

In normal subjects the glomerular filtration rate is relatively constant under standard conditions, and there is little or no change when the urine flow 'aries. It follows from this that the excretion rate of substances, which are filtered at the glomerulus and neither reabsorbed from nor secreted into the tubules, is constant. It is these substances which can be used to measure the filtration ...

BACKGROUND Recent studies suggest an association between polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and the development of chronic kidney disease. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between PUFAs and renal function in older adults. METHODS We performed a cross-sectional and prospective analysis of 931 adults, > or = 65 years old, enrolled in the InCHIANTI study, a population-based...

PURPOSE 1. To develop and validate an analytical method for pentamidine (PTM) by reversed-phase HPLC. 2. To compare the effects of creatinine and inulin on PTM excretion in the isolated perfused rat kidney. METHODS The HPLC method utilized a base deactivated, 5 micro, C18 column and a mobile phase containing acetonitrile (24%) and 0.025 M monobasic phosphate buffer, pH 3.2 (76%). Mobile phase...