ABSIRAcr To identify the hemodynamic mechanisms associated with recurrence of intracranial aneurysms following the treatment with balloon or coil occlusion. Pulsatile flow in a terminal recurrent intracranial aneurysm was numerically simulated based on the physiological pulsatile flow observed in the middle cerebral artery. In order to quantify the reason for recurrence of terminal aneurysm. fl...

The evidence shows that endothelial glycocalyx exerts an important role in inflammation and atherosclerosis. We previously demonstrated that hydrodynamic force such as shear stress induces the remodeling of the major component of glycocalyx including glypican-1 with attached heparan sulfate, and that sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) protects the glycocalyx against syndecan-1 ectodomain shedding an...

Mechanical loading influences skeletal structural integrity and bone remodeling. Application of a mechanical stimulus such as fluid flow shear stress to the bone osteocytes activates the cascade of mechanotransduction mediated by multiple signaling molecules. Hemichannels formed by connexin molecules are emerging as a candidate mechanosensor. Connexin 43 (Cx43) hemichannels open in response to ...

Leukocyte recruitment to endothelial cells is a critical event in inflammatory responses. The spatial, temporal gradients of shear stress, topology, and outcome of cellular interactions that underlie these responses have so far been inferred from static imaging of tissue sections or studies of statically cultured cells. In this report, we developed micro-electromechanical systems (MEMS) sensors...

Comprehensive measurements of bedload sediment transport through a section of the Danube River, located approximately 70km downstream from Bratislava, Slovakia, are used to assess the accuracy of bedload formulae implemented in 1D modelling. Depending on water discharge and water level, significant variations in the distribution of bedload across the section were observed. It appeared that, wha...

Uncontrolled blood glucose in people with diabetes correlates with endothelial cell dysfunction, which contributes to accelerated atherosclerosis and subsequent myocardial infarction, stroke, and peripheral vascular disease. In vitro, both low and high glucose induce endothelial cell dysfunction; however the effect of altered glucose on endothelial cell fluid flow response has not been studied....

The stress-strain relations and the yield behavior of a model glass (a 80:20 binary Lennard-Jones mixture) is studied by means of molecular dynamics simulations. In a previous paper it was shown that, at temperatures below the glass transition temperature, Tg, the model exhibits shear banding under imposed shear. It was also suggested that this behavior is closely related to the existence of a ...

Large-scale molecular-dynamics simulations are performed to study the steady-state yielding dynamics of a well-established simple glass. In contrast to the supercooled state, where the shear stress, , tends to zero at vanishing shear rate, ̇, a stress plateau forms in the glass which extends over about two decades in shear rate. This strongly suggests the existence of a finite dynamic yield str...

The glycocalyx covers the human mammalian cells and plays important roles in stroke, inflammation and atherosclerosis. It has also been shown to be involved in endothelial mechanotransduction of shear stress. Shear stress induces the remodelling of the major component of the glycocalyx including glypican-1, a cell membrane heparan sulphate proteoglycan. Other factors, such as sphingosine-1-phos...

We investigate the critical role played by the mean micellar length during the route to rheochaos for wormlike micellar gels of surfactant cetyltrimethylammonium tosylate in the presence of salt sodium chloride that show coupling of flow to concentration fluctuations. To this end, we have carried out stress/shear rate relaxation experiments at a fixed shear rate/stress but at different temperat...