abstract the present study was carried out for developing and evaluating of the optimization model of cropping pattern in irrigation networks using analytical hierarchy process (ahp). the model was programmed into two sub-models. the objective of the first sub-model was ranking of crop appropriately, and the objective of the second sub-model was ranking of cropping area of each crop. ten criter...

times, but more uncertainty seems to be hallmarks for 2008. Agriculture is experiencing the best times since the 1970s. It’s finally a boom for Indiana farmers and agribusinesses. Farm incomes are up. Equity is way up due to a 17% increase in land values. Farm families on average are on their strongest financial footing in 50 years. These better times are being driven by a worldwide surge in th...

Integrated pest management has historically placed great hopes on host plant resistance. However, conventional host-plant resistance to insects involves quantitative traits at several loci. As a result, the progress has been slow and difficult to achieve. With the advent of genetic transformation techniques, it has become possible to clone and insert genes into the crop plants to confer resista...

Since the late 1970s dramatic economic changes have taken place in the agricultural sector in the highlands of Guatemala. The introduction of new export crops, such as snow peas, broccoli, and miniature vegetables, has led to yet another agro-export boom. Unlike earlier booms, however, this one has included all but the smallest farmers. The high rate of smallholder participation in the boom, an...

Agriculture is the mainstay of Malawi's economy and maize is the most important crop for food security. As a Least Developed Country (LDC), adverse effects of climate change (CC) on agriculture in Malawi are expected to be significant. We examined the impacts of CC on maize production and food security in Malawi's dominant cereal producing region, Lilongwe District. We used five Global Circulat...

The effects of changes in cropping production technologies, systems and input and output markets on smallholders growing tree crops for export, and the consequences on pest management strategies, including augmentative and conservation biological control, are discussed in the context of pest and crop management research, technology development and farmer training. Evolving approaches in extensi...

The WSN(Wireless Sensor Networks) technology is one of the important technologies to implement the ubiquitous society, and it could make many changes in the existing agricultural environment including livestock rearing, cultivation and harvest of agricultural products if such a WSN technology is applied to the agricultural sector. This study attempts to establish ubiquitous agricultural environ...

Synthetic nitrogen fertilizer has been a double-edged sword, greatly improving human nutrition during the 20th century but also posing major human health and environmental challenges for the 21st century. In August 2013, about 160 agronomists, scientists, extension agents, crop advisors, economists, social scientists, farmers, representatives of regulatory agencies and nongovernmental organizat...

The share of agricultural sector in Gujarat’s net domestic product has declined to less than one-fifth, indicating that the state economy is witnessing a structural transformation. Post-liberalization, cropping pattern has favoured wheat, cotton, spices, fruits, vegetables, floriculture and medicinal plants. Despite a secular decline in the share of agricultural sector and sharp fluctuations in...

There is widespread interest within academia to work on public good genetically engineered (GE) projects to the benefit of the poor, especially to use GE-technology to contribute to food security. Not a single product from this work has reached the market. The major cause is GE-regulation, which prevents use of the technology for public good beyond proof-of-concept (Potrykus, I. (2010) Lessons ...