A new second order primitive preconditioner technique (an all speed method) for solving all speed single/multi-phase flow is presented. With this technique, one can compute both compressible and incompressible flows with Mach-uniform accuracy and efficiency (i.e., accuracy and efficiency of the method are independent of Mach numbers). The new primitive preconditioner (all speed/Mach uniform) te...

If Mach bands arise as an empirical consequence of real-world luminance profiles, several predictions follow. First, the appearance of Mach bands should accord with the appearance of naturally occurring highlights and lowlights. Second, altering the slope of an ambiguous luminance gradient so that it corresponds more closely to gradients that are typically adorned with luminance maxima and mini...

When undergraduate biology students learn to explain biological mechanisms, they face many challenges and may overestimate their understanding of living systems. Previously, we developed the MACH model of four components used by expert biologists to explain mechanisms: Methods, Analogies, Context, and How. This study explores the implementation of the model in an undergraduate biology classroom...

in future high-speed self-routing photonic networks based on all-optical time division multiplexing (otdm) it is highly desirable to carry out packet switching, clock recovery and demultplexing in the optical domain in order to avoid the bottleneck due to the optoelectronics conversion. in this paper we propose a self-routing otdm node structure composed of an all-optical router and demultiplex...

A variety of modern software packages are available for genotype imputation relying on advanced concepts such as pre-phasing of the target dataset or utilization of admixed reference panels. In this study, we performed a comprehensive evaluation of the accuracy of modern imputation methods on the basis of the publicly available POPRES samples. Good quality genotypes were masked and re-imputed b...

This note discusses the flow near the trailing edge of a two-dimensional aerofoil moving at a free-stream Mach number close to unity, for cases where the effects of viscosity are slrall. A qualitative argument, which is supported by experimental evidence, suggests that the local Mach number downstream of the trailing-edge shock waves is approximately independent of tie-stream Mach number, a&rof...

The Langley 8-Foot High-Temperature Tunnel (8-ft HTT) is used to test components of hypersonic vehicles for aerothermal loads de nition and structural component veri cation. The test medium of the 8-ft HTT is obtained by burning a mixture of methane-air under high pressure; the combustion products are expanded through an axisymmetric conical-contoured nozzle to simulate atmospheric ight at Mach...

Heat transfer measurements are made to investigate the e ects of concave surface curvature on a high-stagnation enthalpy boundary layer in a Mach 5.1 ow. Experiments are carried out using two curved models with 16 and 25 degree turning angles, and baseline planar models ( at plate and linear ramp) for comparative study. Streamwise and spanwise cross-sections are obtained. Signi cant destabiliza...

[1] Motivated by the hypothesis that volcanic blasts can have supersonic regions, we investigate the role of unsteady flow in jets from a high‐pressure finite reservoir. We examine the processes for formation of far‐field features, such as Mach disk shocks, by using a shock tube facility and numerical experiments to investigate phenomena to previously unobtained pressure ratios of 250:1. The Ma...

We introduce a low Mach number equation set for the large-scale numerical simulation of carbon-oxygen white dwarfs experiencing a thermonuclear defla-gration. Since most of the interesting physics in a Type Ia supernova transpires at Mach numbers from 0.01 to 0.1, such an approach enables both a considerable increase in accuracy and savings in computer time compared with frequently used compres...