Computed tomography colonography (CTC) has the potential to become a major component of colorectal cancer (CRC) screening programs and to have a significant effect on CRC prevention. This article describes the potential role of CTC within the framework of colorectal cancer screening. Current screening recommendations and traditional screening tests are reviewed, followed by a summary of recent ...

Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in the blood stream play a critical role in establishing metastases. The clinical value of CTCs as a biomarker for early cancer detection, diagnosis, prognosis, prediction, stratification, and pharmacodynamics have been widely explored in recent years. However, the clinical utility of current CTC tests is limited mainly due to methodological constraints. In this r...

Over the past decade, technically reliable circulating tumor cell (CTC) detection methods allowed the collection of large datasets of CTC counts in cancer patients. These data can be used either as a dynamic prognostic biomarker or as tumor material for "liquid biopsy". Breast cancer appears to be the cancer type in which CTC have been the most extensively studied so far, with level-of-evidence...

AIM Attempts have been made to use CTC values for interpretation of treatment response and to guide change of chemotherapy by using a static cut-off of 5 CTC to stratify patients in favourable or unfavourable responders. We propose a new approach to interpret treatment effect using significant changes in CTC values (SCV-limits(1)) as grouping parameter for responders and non-responders to chemo...

BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common and important disease. There are different tests for diagnosis, one of which is computed tomographic colonography (CTC). No test is perfect, and patients with normal CTC may subsequently develop CRC (either because it was overlooked originally, or because it has developed in the interim). This is termed post-investigation colorectal cancer (PICRC) ...

Calcium is an important factor in the ability of plants to resist salt stress, possibly because of its role in maintaining membrane integrity. We studied the effects of NaCl stress on membrane-associated Ca in corn root protoplasts (Zea mays L. cv Pioneer 3377) using the fluorescent Ca probe chlorotetracycline (CTC). Protoplasts were isolated from the cortex of primary roots of corn seedlings (...

Connectionist Temporal Classification (CTC) has recently shown improved efficiency in LVCSR decoding. One popular implementation is to use a CTC model to predict the phone posteriors at each frame which are then used for Viterbi beam search on a modified WFST network. This is still within the traditional frame synchronous decoding framework. In this paper, the peaky posterior property of a CTC ...

BACKGROUND Adenovirus (Ad), associated with significant morbidity, has no topical treatment. A leading CTC compound (CTC-96), a Co(III) chelate, was found to have potent in vitro and in vivo antiviral efficacy against herpes viruses. In this study CTC-96 is being tested for possible anti-Adenovirus activity. METHODS The biological anti-adenovirus activity of CTC-96 in concentrations from 5 to...

BACKGROUND Platinum resistance constitutes one of the most recognized clinical challenges for ovarian cancer. Notably, the detection of the primary tumor-based excision repair cross-complementation group 1 (ERCC1) protein by immunohistochemistry was recently shown to be inaccurate for the prediction of platinum resistance. On the basis of the previous finding that circulating tumor cells (CTC) ...

The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic value of circulating tumor cells (CTC) in nonmetastatic rectal cancer patients treated with short-term preoperative radiotherapy. In this single-center trial, 162 patients with rectal cancer after preoperative short-term radiotherapy (5 × 5 Gy) were recruited from January, 2008 to September, 2011. Clearance of CTC was determined in 91 patient...