The thermo-mechanical control processing (TMCP) of low carbon (C) Nb-Ti-containing HSLA steel with different cooling rates from 5 to 20 ◦C/s was simulated using a Gleeble 3500 system. The samples’ microstructure was characterized and the tensile properties measured. The results show that a microstructure mainly consisting of quasi-polygonal ferrite (QPF), granular bainitic ferrite (GBF), and ma...

Steel has remained the most crucial of all structural materials. However, the steel production processes have changed over the years. Currently, due to the tendency of eliminating high energy consuming technologies, in both the international and domestic steel industry, liquid steel is manufactured in two basic aggregates: oxygen-blown converters and electric arc furnaces 1 . The development of...

We report on the first encapsulated rotary ball bearing mechanism using silicon microfabrication and stainless steel balls. The method of capturing stainless steel balls within a silicon race to support a silicon rotor both axially and radially is developed for rotary micro machines and MEMS ball bearing tribology studies. Initial demonstrations show speeds up to 6.8 krpm without lubrication, w...

Based on tests on six L-shaped RC columns with 500 MPa steel bars, the effect of axial compression ratios and stirrup spacing on failure mode, bearing capacity, displacement, and curvature ductility of the specimens is investigated. Test results show that specimens with lower axial load and large stirrup characteristic value (larger than about 0.35) are better at ductility and seismic performan...

Zn-Al-Mg coatings are important materials for the corrosion protection of steel sheets. However, susceptibility towards cracking limits formability performance these coatings. In this study, we focus on effect underlying substrate behavior in order to elucidate this, a high-strength low-alloy (HSLA) and an interstitial-free (IF) coated with two different ZnAlMg without binary eutectic microstru...

The increasing urbanization in China has created a high demand for housing and other infrastructure. Meeting this demand has huge resource implications with potentially harmful effects on the environment. A sustainable approach to construction is therefore a way forward to ensure that the competing needs for housing, economic development and protection of the environment can be achieved. This p...

Precipitation-hardened (PH) stainless steels have been widely used as structural materials and related applications in marine environments, power plants (light-water and pressurized water reactors), and chemical industries because of their good mechanical properties and corrosion resistance at typical service temperatures below 300oC. 17-4 PH (A1S1630) stainless steel (15–17.5 Cr, 3–5 Ni, 3–5 C...