BACKGROUND Cyclophosphamide is a potent anticancer drug, but its clinical utility is limited because of its severe side effects, in particular liver damage. Chalone 19-peptide induces apoptosis of tumor cells and inhibits tumor growth. The present study investigated the antitumor effects of a combination of cyclophosphamide and Chalone 19-peptide in experimental breast cancer. METHODS An anim...

The promising but still limited efficacy of angiogenesis inhibitors as monotherapies for cancer treatment indicates a need to integrate these agents into existing therapeutic regimens. Presently, we investigate the antitumor activity of the small-molecule angiogenesis inhibitor axitinib (AG-013736) and its potential for combination with metronomic cyclophosphamide. Axitinib significantly inhibi...

Cyclophosphamide is an alkylating agent used in antineoplastic and immunosuppressive therapies. Symptomatic hyponatraemia is a rare but life-threatening complication in patients treated with cyclophosphamide. We report the case of a 64-year-old woman with breast cancer who developed severe symptomatic hyponatraemia with a generalised seizure and convulsions after a second cycle of adjuvant chem...

It is known that pica, the consumption of non-nutritive substances such as kaolin, can be induced by administration of toxins or emetic agents in rats. In the present study, we examined the effects of intraperitoneal (i.p.) administration of cyclophosphamide on pica behavior and on the concentration of 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acids (5HIAA) in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the following five strain...

We examined the alleviation of cyclophosphamide-induced immunodepression by the antlered form of Ganoderma lucidum (G. lucidum AF) and also evaluated the anti-tumor and anti-metastatic effects of G. lucidum AF in cyclophosphamide-treated mice. G. lucidum AF alleviated cyclophosphamide-induced decrease in body weight, natural killer (NK) activity, interferon (IFN)-gamma production, and cytotoxic...

We studied the effect of Cyclophosphamide on survival of mice and the incidence of tumor implants in various organs following both i.v. and intraarterial dissemination of tumor cells. Female C3H/HeN mice received Cyclophosphamide (240 mg/kg) i.p. 4 days prior to inoculation of various doses of KHT tumor cells. Mice were followed to death, and the amount of tumor present was roughly quantified. ...

PURPOSE The combination of fludarabine and cyclophosphamide is an effective regimen for patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). However, it may be accompanied by increased toxicity compared with fludarabine alone. E2997 is a phase III randomized Intergroup trial comparing fludarabine and cyclophosphamide (FC arm) versus fludarabine (F arm) alone in patients receiving their first chemo...

The identification of genes inducing resistance to anticancer chemotherapeutic agents and their introduction into hematopoietic cells represents a promising approach to overcome bone marrow toxicity, the limiting factor for most high-dose chemotherapy regimens. Because resistance to cyclophosphamide has been correlated with increased levels of expression of the aldehyde-dehydrogenase (ALDH1) ge...

Hemorrhagic cystitis (HC) is a common side effect of cyclophosphamide therapy, which deserves new therapeutic strategies, such as those based on natural products. The ethanol extract of the inner bark of Caesalpinia pyramidalis (Tul.) (EECp) possesses anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive, and antioxidant activities as previously showed by our group. We have investigated the effect of EECp on the ...

Cyclophosphamide, a model teratogen, has been used to produce hydrocephalus experimentally by various researchers [1–4]. Although the precise mechanism of cyclophosphamide induced hydrocephalus remains elusive, hypertrophy of choroid plexus was considered as the primary cause [1,4]. Singh et al [4] observed agenesis or stenosis of the aqueduct as an associated reason. The present work has been ...