Transcriptome analyses indicate that a core 10%-15% of the yeast genome is modulated by a variety of different stresses. However, not all the induced genes undergo translation, and null mutants of many induced genes do not show elevated sensitivity to the particular stress. Elucidation of the RNA lifecycle reveals accumulation of non-translating mRNAs in cytoplasmic granules, P-bodies, and stre...

Minute cytoplasmic fuchsinophilic granules, characteristically surrounded by a halo, have been demonstrated in the lesions produced in suckling mice by the Connecticut-5 strain of Coxsackie virus. Their possible significance is discussed.

Germ cells contain non-membrane bound cytoplasmic organelles that help maintain germline integrity. In C. elegans they are called P granules; without them, the germline undergoes partial masculinization and aberrant differentiation. One key P-granule component is the Argonaute CSR-1, a small-RNA binding protein that antagonizes accumulation of sperm-specific transcripts in developing oocytes an...

When eukaryotic cells respond to stress, gene expression pathways change to selectively export and translate subsets of mRNAs. Translationally repressed mRNAs accumulate in cytoplasmic foci known as stress granules (SGs). SGs are in dynamic equilibrium with the translational machinery, but mechanisms controlling this are unclear. Gle1 is required for DEAD-box protein function during mRNA export...

Microbodies and microbody-like cytoplasmic granules have been identified by ultrastructural criteria in liver and kidney cells (1, 7, 17) and in various cell types in all major plant groups (14). These or similar organelles have been shown to contain hydrogen peroxide-producing and -destroying enzymes in liver and kidney cells (2, 7-9) and in the protozoan Tetrahymena pyriformis (8). The term "...

Molecular Structure and Function, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, and 5 Department of Biochemistry & Laboratory Medicine, University of Toronto 6 s 7 8 9 10 Correspondence Address: 11 12 Program in Molecular Structure & Function 13 Research Institute, 14 The Hospital for Sick Children, 15 Atrium 3653; 555 University Avenue, 16 Toronto, Ontario, 17 M5G 1X8 18 Phone: 416-813-8...

The iron storage macrophage has been isolated from the marrow of Imferon-treated mice and studied in vitro by morphologic, histochemical, and functional tests and isotope labeling techniques. These macrophages on stained preparations are large, many times binucleate cells (up to 150 mu), and show Prussian blue reactivity. In Epon-embedded, stained thick sections they contain elongated narrow ba...

BACKGROUND Early identification of the severity of asthma exacerbation would be helpful for the management of patients. We aimed to evaluate the correlation of morphological change in activated eosinophils and the severity of an asthma exacerbation. METHODS Blood was collected from 55 asthmatic children: 40 of whom were having an exacerbation, 15 symptom-free, and 15 healthy controls. The per...

The purpose of this paper is to present an hypothesis regarding the anatomical1 structure of natural starch granules. The hypothesis itself is not new; it is a combination of parts of older hypotheses, but with the introduction of some concepts new for starch, though not new in themselves. The hypothesis, reduced to its simplest terms, will first be stated without proofs at the risk of biasing ...

In the preoptic, infundibular and posterior recesses of the lamprey, Lampetra japonica cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)-contacting neurons are distributed much more abundantly than in higher vertebrates. They are classified into three different types on the basis of their granules size or electron density: type 1 containing round dense granules of large size (180--230 nm in diameter), type 2 containin...