apart expressing the cause of the reflection of light from the surface of polished objects, ibn al-haytham in his al-manāẓir claims that the acceptance or rejection of light by these objects is only due to their polished surfaces and have nothing to do with their solidity, because the reflection of light from the surface of soft polished objects such as water is also possible. kamāl al-dīn al-f...

This article examines the Khoqand historical and memoir work Khulasat al-ahwal (Summary of circumstances [of life]) by Abu Ubaydallah Muhammad his information on local history Tashkent region Uzbekistan regions South Kazakhstan, which were part Khanate in 19th century. In al-ahwal, compiled Persian, author outlines main stages life many years service administration ruler vilayet, where he held ...

In this study the authors wanted to know Communication Strategy of Muhammadiyah Bangun Purba Branch Leaders in spreading cultural da'wah. The author uses Muhammad Abu Fatah Al-Bayanuni's Da'wah Theory, including: Athifiy Strategy, Aqliy and Hissiy Method. used descriptive qualitative research. collecting data three techniques, namely: participant observation, in-depth interviews, documentation....

Aliran Asy’ariyah merupakan salah satu alairan ilmu kalam yang banyak dilakukan studi oleh para akademisi. didirikan Abu Hasan Al-Asy’ari menjadi cikal bakal lahirnya aliran ASWAJA atau ahlu sunnah waljama’ah. Selain itu, asy’ariyah memliki pengikut dari kalangan Islam di Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dalam kajian historis, pengaruh dan ajaran pokoknya. jenis penelitian...

in extant islamic manuscripts we can find some observation reports of a black dot on the surface of the sun. these reports add that this dot should be the planet venus or mercury, transiting over the sun, showing that both of them are below the sphere of the sun. the research made so far on ibn sina’s report shows that it might relate to a really observed venus transit. quṭb al-dīn al-shīrāzī (...

report on page 639 identifies a family of proteins that are important when worms are unable to deal with ER stress. The results from Urano et al. suggest that these proteins are receptors for incorrectly folded proteins at the ER. In worms and other eukaryotes, conditions that stress the ER, such as those that inhibit glycosylation, activate the unfolded protein response (UPR). The UPR comprise...