Anaesthesia and Intensive Care is a neglected specialty in low-income countries. There is an acute shortage of health workers - several low-income countries have less than 1 anaesthesia provider per 100,000 population. Only 1.5% of hospitals in Africa have the intensive care resources needed for managing patients with sepsis. Health partnerships between institutions in high and low-income count...

BACKGROUND Prolonged sexual abstinence after childbirth is a socio-cultural practice with health implications, and is described in several African countries, including Tanzania. This study explored discourses on prolonged postpartum sexual abstinence in relation to family health after childbirth in low-income suburbs of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. METHODS Data for the discourse analysis were col...

BACKGROUND Half of the population of Africa will soon live in towns and cities where it can be protected from malaria by controlling aquatic stages of mosquitoes. Rigorous but affordable and scaleable methods for mapping and managing mosquito habitats are required to enable effective larval control in urban Africa. METHODS A simple community-based mapping procedure that requires no electronic...

Purpose: To assess dispensing and prescribing practices with regard to antimalarial drugs for pediatrics in private pharmacies and public hospitals in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Methods: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive study that assessed the knowledge and practice of 200 drug dispensers in the private community pharmacies in Dar es Salaam. Two hundred (200) parents of children seeking ma...

The aim of this study is to show how alcohol industry renders women into high risk behavior in Tanzania. Increasing HIV/AIDS prevalence rates, its impact on physical and psychosocial health is a worldwide public health concern. Engagement in multiple sex relations is hereby regarded as a proxy to high risk behavior. Intrinsic factors associated with alcohol are responsible for high risk behavio...

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to prove, whether the intracutaneous skin closure with self made fishing line suture is equivalent to commercial sutures. DESIGN It was a randomised blinded animal study. SETTING The study was performed in December 2002 at the Muhimbili University College of Health Sciences in Dar-es-salaam. SUBJECTS Both German surgeons from Mannheim, and Tanzanian sur...

Background. The understanding of obesity as a growing health problem in Africa and Tanzania in particular is hampered by lack of data as well as sociocultural beliefs in which overweight and obesity are revered. This study sought to determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity among primary school children aged 8-13 years in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Method. A cross-sectional analytical re...

Integrating risks of climate change into water management P. Döll, B. Jiménez-Cisneros, T. Oki, N.W. Arnell, G. Benito, J.G. Cogley, T. Jiang, Z.W. Kundzewicz, S. Mwakalila & A. Nishijima a Institute of Physical Geography, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany b UNESCO, International Hydrological Programme, Paris, France c Institute of Engineering, UNAM, Mexico City, Mexico d ...

Many HIV intervention programs in sub-Saharan Africa have applied social cognitive theories such as the theory of planned behavior. However, a recent sub-Saharan African review was unable to show increased effectiveness for theory-based interventions. This study assessed whether the predictive value of attitudes, subjective norms, self-efficacy, and intention was similar to studies in Europe an...

A cross-sectional survey of agricultural areas, combined with routinely monitored mosquito larval information, was conducted in urban Dar es Salaam, Tanzania, to investigate how agricultural and geographical features may influence the presence of Anopheles larvae. Data were integrated into a geographical information systems framework, and predictors of the presence of Anopheles larvae in farmin...