The underlying model of an electronic payment system consists of three parties: a bank, a customer, and a shop. There are three different types of transactions within the system: withdrawal involving the bank and the customer, payment involving the customer and the shop, and deposit involving the shop and the bank. The customer's account is debited during withdrawal, and the shop is credited du...

This study focuses on the impact of using the Unique Card technology for electronic commerce transactions. This research has studied how the two factors, lowered privacy and security concerns, and perceived higher trust, lead to consumers' intention to transact using the Unique Card technology. The proposed research model is initially tested, and the results show support for the Unique Card’s r...

It is pointed out that education should be geared to the thdivid'aal student; yet implementation of individualized programs has been slow. A set step in the area of individualized instruction should be the development of an appropriate methodology for recording and analyzing a student's performance. This paper is an attempt to provide the recording procedures which will aid in achieving such a ...

The Electronic Money Directives of the European Union, concerned with the regulation and prudential supervision of electronic money institutions, have now been implemented in the United Kingdom. The implementing provisions are found in a number of disparate legislative instruments. This article identifies the various legislative instruments concerned and articulates the key elements of the regu...

MeDoc has developed cost and payment models suitable for electronic library services. The partners cooperating in the MeDoc service are users, providers and producers of information products. The cost models ooered to the users are various forms of subscription and "pay per view"-purchase. As payment models both credit and debit models are considered suitable for the MeDoc service. Initially on...

Rapid innovation is changing the array of financial services and payment options available to customers. To examine the driving forces behind the surge of innovation and the adoption of new technology, the Payment Cards Center and the Research Department of the Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia hosted a conference on “Innovation in Financial Services and Payments” on May 16-17 of this year.

The aim of this half-day workshop is to bring together researchers within the field of clone detection to critically assess the current state of research, and to establish new directions and partnerships for research. Position papers and an index card-based brainstorming technique will be employed to organize the discussion and help form a foundation for a workshop report.

In some tasks, children show improved performance when allowed to make choices about task features. We conducted two experiments to examine the nature of this effect on 4-year-olds’ cognitive flexibility. Children completed one of two conditions of the dimensional change card sort (DCCS), wherein children are asked to sort items by one dimension (e.g., shape), and then to switch and sort by ano...