In the traditional power system, customers respond to their primary electricity consumption pattern based on price or incentive take additional advantages. By developing energy hubs (EHs) where electricity, heat, natural gas and other forms of are coupled together, all types customers, even inelastic loads, can participate in demand response (DR) program. This novel vision has led concept “inte...

Data centers are promising participants in demand response programs (i.e., reducing a large electricity demand upon utility’s request), making power grid more stable and sustainable. In this paper, we focus on enabling colocation data center demand response. Colocation is an integral yet unique segment of data center industry, where multiple tenants house their servers in one shared facility. N...

One of the problems in implementing DRPs is lack sufficient understanding consumers’ behaviour when DRPs. This paper compares load patterns annually by improved Weighted Fuzzy Average (WFA) K-means clustering method. According to collected data, are discussed using a combined Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM). To make CNN-LSTM practical algorithm for executing...

With the development of demand response (DR) technologies and increasing electricity demand, dynamic pricing has been a popular topic in many countries. This paper evaluates various dynamic pricing programs in the U.S. and Europe, and provides insights into various aspects including risks and rewards, enabling technologies, lower-income groups and customer types surrounding programs such as Tim...

In today’s rapidly changing energy markets, the role of direct load control programs are increasingly recognized as an underutilized resource 1 capable of providing numerous benefits to our electricity grid and to our society as a whole. Although different names are used to describe these programs, we use the term Demand Response (DR) to include the overarching segment of load participation res...

Previous constant-parameter demand models have estimated generic advertising elasticities for cheese to be below that for fluid milk. We relax this assumption, allowing for generic advertising response to vary over time. Cheese advertising elasticities were found below fluid milk up until the mid-1990s; average elasticities since have been similar. A benefit-cost ratio of the farmer-funded gene...

demand response (dr) has many beneficiaries in the electricity market. there are independent players who are interested in dr, which include: transmission system owners, distributors, retailers, and aggregators. in this paper dr is introduced as a tradable commodity that can be exchanged between dr buyers and sellers in a pool-based market which is called demand response exchange (drx). drx ope...

The traditional approach to demand response of paying for a customer’s electricity consumption reductions relative to an administratively set baseline is currently being advocated by the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) as a way to foster the participation of final consumers in formal wholesale markets. Although these efforts may lead to greater participation of final consumers in tr...

background: a cross sectional study conducted to identify the organizational factors associated to the occupational stress among lecturers in selected community colleges, peninsular malaysia. methods: study was conducted by using cluster-sampling method and 189 self-administrated questionnaires were distributed. a validated malay version of job content questionnaire (jcq) was used to obtain the...