نتایج جستجو برای: dendritic spine density

تعداد نتایج: 505589  

Journal: :The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience 2011
Erik B Bloss William G Janssen Daniel T Ohm Frank J Yuk Shannon Wadsworth Karl M Saardi Bruce S McEwen John H Morrison

Cognitive functions that require the prefrontal cortex are highly sensitive to aging in humans, nonhuman primates, and rodents, although the neurobiological correlates of this vulnerability remain largely unknown. It has been proposed that dendritic spines represent the primary site of structural plasticity in the adult brain, and recent data have supported the hypothesis that aging is associat...

2014
Yves Kellner Nina Gödecke Tobias Dierkes Nils Thieme Marta Zagrebelsky Martin Korte

The fine tuning of neural networks during development and learning relies upon both functional and structural plastic processes. Changes in the number as well as in the size and shape of dendritic spines are associated to long-term activity-dependent synaptic plasticity. However, the molecular mechanisms translating functional into structural changes are still largely unknown. In this context, ...

Journal: :Cerebral cortex 2006
Yasuo Kawaguchi Fuyuki Karube Yoshiyuki Kubota

To understand the dendritic differentiation in various types of cortical nonpyramidal cells, we analyzed quantitatively their dendritic branching and spine expression. The dendritic internode and interspine interval obeyed exponential distributions with type-specific decay constants. The initial branching pattern, internode interval and spine density at the light microscopic level divided nonpy...

Journal: :The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience 2003
Benedetta Leuner Jacqueline Falduto Tracey J Shors

Dendritic spines are sources of synaptic contact that can be altered by experience and, as such, may be involved in memories for that experience. Here we tested whether the acquisition of new memories is associated with changes in the density of dendritic spines. Adult male rats were trained using the trace eyeblink conditioning paradigm, an associative learning task that requires the hippocamp...

2017
Michelle Tjia Xinzhu Yu Lavpreet S. Jammu Ju Lu Yi Zuo

The mammalian cerebral cortex is typically organized in six layers containing multiple types of neurons, with pyramidal neurons (PNs) being the most abundant. PNs in different cortical layers have distinct morphology, physiology and functional roles in neural circuits. Therefore, their development and synaptic plasticity may also differ. Using in vivo transcranial two-photon microscopy, we foll...

Journal: :The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience 2008
Xin-Ming Ma Yanping Wang Francesco Ferraro Richard E Mains Betty A Eipper

Kalirin, a multifunctional Rho GDP/GTP exchange factor, plays a vital role in cytoskeletal organization, affecting process initiation and outgrowth in neurons. Through alternative splicing, the Kalirin gene generates multiple functionally distinct proteins. Kalirin-7 (Kal7) is the most prevalent isoform in the adult rat hippocampus; it terminates with a postsynaptic density-95 (PSD-95)/Discs la...

Journal: :The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience 2014
Galina P Demyanenko Vishwa Mohan Xuying Zhang Leann H Brennaman Katherine E S Dharbal Tracy S Tran Paul B Manis Patricia F Maness

Neuron-glial related cell adhesion molecule (NrCAM) is a regulator of axon growth and repellent guidance, and has been implicated in autism spectrum disorders. Here a novel postsynaptic role for NrCAM in Semaphorin3F (Sema3F)-induced dendritic spine remodeling was identified in pyramidal neurons of the primary visual cortex (V1). NrCAM localized to dendritic spines of star pyramidal cells in po...

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus causes adverse changes in the neurological morphology of the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex of the brain by increasing oxidative stress. Trigonelline has antihyperglycemic effects and can inhibit oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effect of trigonelline on dendritic changes in hippocampal and prefrontal cortex neurons in dia...

Journal: :Learning & memory 2004
Mariana Alonso Jorge H Medina Lucas Pozzo-Miller

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a potent modulator of synaptic transmission and plasticity in the CNS, acting both pre- and postsynaptically. We demonstrated recently that BDNF/TrkB signaling increases dendritic spine density in hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons. Here, we tested whether activation of the prominent ERK (MAPK) signaling pathway was responsible for BDNF's effects on sp...

Journal: :Nature communications 2016
Yu-Tzu Shih Yi-Ping Hsueh

Imbalanced protein homeostasis, such as excessive protein synthesis and protein aggregation, is a pathogenic hallmark of a range of neurological disorders. Here, using expression of mutant proteins, a knockdown approach and disease mutation knockin mice, we show that VCP (valosin-containing protein), together with its cofactor P47 and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) morphology regulator ATL1 (At...

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