The objective of this paper is to view climate change in the framework of economic growth under no controls on emissions as the baseline modeling for further research in formulating an environmental treaty. This paper analyses the economic growth with dynamic of emissions and its impacts under an overlapping-generation model. The burning of fossil fuels main source of greenhouse gases, and rene...

abstract to optimal use of available water, irrigation scheduling is important to over scarcity of water resources in arid and semi-arid area. in this research to estimate of maximum allowable deficit (or: management allowed depletion) and irrigation scheduling of fodder mays based on canopy-air temperature difference, a field study was conducted in agricultural faculty of karaj. the lower limi...

The depletion of fossil fuel resources on a worldwide basis has necessitated an urgent search for alternative energy sources to meet present day demands. Solar energy is a clean, inexhaustible and environment-friendly potential renewable energy option. A stand-alone solar photovoltaic cannot provide a continuous supply of energy due to seasonal and periodic variations. Therefore, in order to sa...

The general need to slow the depletion of fossil resources and reduce carbon footprints has led to tremendous effort being invested in creating "greener" industrial processes and developing alternative means to produce fuels and synthesize platform chemicals. This work aims to design a microwave-assisted cascade process for a full biomass valorisation cycle. GVL (γ-valerolactone), a renewable g...

The recent past has witnessed a rising demand of electric energy. The near future will see depletion in the fossil fuels like the coal, diesel and the petrol reserves, so emphasis has to be given on the renewable energy sources. Wind Energy has proven to be a significant option for the present energy resources. There is need for more analysis in the Wind energy sector so that it can be more rel...

Energy planning is at the top priorities of local authorities nowadays. Problems such as the depletion of natural resources, the wellbeing of human population and the security of energy supply have became the main drivers to change the current fossil fuel-based energy paradigm. In order to put into practice energy planning processes at the local level, there is a need to provide support methods...

In this century man will transition to a low-carbon energy future—either in first half of the century because of concerns about global climate and ocean pH (acidity) changes or in the second half of the century because of depletion of fossil resources in a world of 10 billion people. Since the caveman discovered fire, our energy policy has been to have a storable supply of a carbon fuel (wood, ...

Renewable biomass and biomass derived fuels could readily replace fossil fuels in many of the present energy utilization applications with concomitant environmental benefits. Gasification is a form of biomass energy conversion producing a fuel that could substitute for fossil fuels in high efficiency power generation and CHP applications. While fossil fuel resources are heavily concentrated in ...