PURPOSE To examine patterns of sensory responsiveness (i.e., hyperresponsiveness, hyporesponsiveness, and sensory seeking) as factors that may account for variability in social-communicative symptoms of autism and variability in language, social, and communication skill development in children with autism or other developmental disabilities (DDs). METHOD Children with autistic disorder (AD; n...

The chapter by Sandini et al. provides good examples of how the working of biological visual systems can help us to understand the design problems of an engineered system, and vice versa. However, it is important to bear in mind that the organization of a biological system has arisen through processes that are rather different from the design and manufacture of an engineered system. The biologi...

The "developmental hourglass'' describes a pattern of increasing morphological divergence towards earlier and later embryonic development, separated by a period of significant conservation across distant species (the "phylotypic stage''). Recent studies have found evidence in support of the hourglass effect at the genomic level. For instance, the phylotypic stage expresses the oldest and most c...

Purpose The paper offers a dynamic theory of leadership development. Design/methodology/approach – The paper examines selected leadership literature through the lens of theory building blocks. It identifies the role of the ideal goal in leadership and its importance in developing the psychological aspect of leadership. Findings – The paper posits that leadership is a developmental process, whic...

The biological and statistical advantages of functional mapping result from joint modeling of the mean-covariance structures for developmental trajectories of a complex trait measured at a series of time points. While an increased number of time points can better describe the dynamic pattern of trait development, significant difficulties in performing functional mapping arise from prohibitive c...

The aggregation stage of the life cycle of Dictyostelium discoideum is governed by the chemotactic response of individual amoebae to excitable waves of cAMP. We modeled this process through a recently introduced hybrid automata-continuum scheme and used computer simulation to unravel the role of specific components of this complex developmental process. Our results indicated an essential role f...

Caulobacter crescentus has a dimorphic life cycle composed of a motile stage and a sessile stage. In the sessile stage, C. crescentus is often found tightly attached to a surface through its adhesive holdfast. In this study, we examined the contribution of growth and external structures to the attachment of C. crescentus to abiotic surfaces. We show that the holdfast is essential but not suffic...

Migration of neurons is crucial for brain development. Equally essential to this developmental process is the specific transport of proteins within the neuron for axonal and dendritic specification. This Neurobiology Select highlights new findings that shed light on the mechanisms regulating both the movement of proteins within neurons and the movement of neuronal cells themselves within the de...

It is an accepted dictum of the mental hygienist that mental disease begins in childhood. In the same way, and in an equal degree, it is true that criminality has its beginnings in the very earliest years. The criminal and the neurotic show the same deviation from the normal in the developmental process. In both there is a failure of the integrative forces in the personality. Whether we assign ...

Recent data showed that, in Caucasian infants, perceptual narrowing occurs for own-race adult faces between 3 and 9 months of age, possibly as a consequence of the extensive amount of social and perceptual experience accumulated with caregivers and/or other adult individuals of the same race of the caregiver. The neural correlates of this developmental process remain unexplored, and it is curre...