Hypocholesterolemic activity of dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids is observed after relatively short-term but not long-term feedings, and their long-term feedings are suspected to accelerate aging through tissue accumulation of lipid peroxides and age pigments (lipofuscin). To define the long-term effects of fats and oils in more detail, female mice were fed a conventional basal diet suppleme...

The properties of the depot fats of animals depend, to some extent, upon the nature of the dietary fats. Thus it was shown by Anderson and Mendel (1) that feeding of highly unsaturated oils results in the deposition of a body fat of high iodine number, whereas the administration of “hard” fat in the diet leads to a decrease in the iodine number of the depot fats. Recently Longenecker and Hildit...

Diet is a major modifiable lifestyle factor that may affect the components of the metabolic syndrome. We aimed to investigate the association between relative proportions of macronutrients and the components of the metabolic syndrome in a population of individuals with type 1 diabetes. In all, 791 individuals without nephropathy, with plausible energy intake and known metabolic syndrome status,...

Small changes in lipogenic enzyme activity induced by dietary fats of different composition may, over the long term, have significant impact on the development of obesity. We have investigated the effect of high fat diets (45% of calories as fat) on abundance of mRNA encoding fatty acid synthetase (FAS) and glycerophosphate dehydrogenase (GPDH) in male Sprague-Dawley rats. When caloric intake w...

The effects of dietary unsaturated and saturated fats on chemically induced colon carcinogenesis were examined in male Donryu rats. The rats were fed two types of semipurified diets consisting of 5% linoleic acid or 4.7% stearic acid plus 0.3% essential fatty acid as dietary fats. The rats were treated with azoxymethane (7.4 mg/kg body weight) s.c. once a week for 11 weeks and sacrificed 15 wee...

BACKGROUND Dietary patterns may influence cardiovascular disease risk through effects on inflammation and endothelial activation. OBJECTIVE We examined relations between dietary patterns and markers of inflammation and endothelial activation. DESIGN At baseline, diet (food-frequency questionnaire) and concentrations of C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin 6 (IL-6), homocysteine, soluble in...

Critical insights into the etiology of insulin resistance have been gained by the use of animal models where insulin action has been modulated by strictly controlled dietary interventions not possible in human studies. Overall, the literature has moved from a focus on macronutrient proportions to understanding the unique effects of individual subtypes of fats, carbohydrates and proteins. Substa...

Introduction The discussion on the role of diet in the aetiology of coronary heart disease has tended to focus on the negative: that is, on the allegedly harmful aspects of the diet such as saturated fats, cholesterol, sucrose or purified carbohydrates. The underlying atherosclerosis can be considered as a degenerative disease, strongly linked with environmental factors, which ends in coronary ...

209 23 Text: 3,684 24 Running title: Dietary habits and age-related decline 25 26 Women 33 34 2 ABSTRACT 35 The objective of this study was to determine the potential long-term impact of dietary habits 36 on age-related decline among 4,809 elderly women (born between 1925 and 1930) in the E3N 37 study, a French longitudinal cohort. In 1993, an extensive diet history self-administered 38 questio...