PURPOSE The Bayesian estimation algorithm improves the precision of bolus tracking perfusion imaging. However, this algorithm cannot directly calculate Tmax, the time scale widely used to identify ischemic penumbra, because Tmax is a non-physiological, artificial index that reflects the tracer arrival delay (TD) and other parameters. We calculated Tmax from the TD and mean transit time (MTT) ob...

PURPOSE To investigate the efficacy of a second-generation prototype magnetic guidance system in complex vessel phantoms versus conventional navigation in simulated interventional radiology procedures and to analyze procedure and fluoroscopy times. MATERIALS AND METHODS The magnetic guidance system consists of two focused-field permanent magnets on each side of the body that create a 0.1-T na...

The European Commission recommends the CDMAM phantom as a tool to evaluate threshold contrast visibility in digital mammography [1, 2]. The use of the CDMAM phantom for that purpose has been proposed by Young [3] and other researchers. Recently, the phantom has been criticized because of poor reproducibility of the manufacturing process [4, 5], but it is still recommended by the European Commis...

PURPOSE To introduce the concept of dose-mass-based inverse optimization for radiotherapy applications. MATERIALS AND METHODS Mathematical derivation of the dose-mass-based formalism is presented. This mathematical representation is compared to the most commonly used dose-volume-based formulation used in inverse optimization. A simple example on digitally created phantom is presented. The pha...

Synopsis This chapter presents x-ray image quality optimization techniques using digital phantom images and computerized observer models. The X-ray imaging parameters are optimized so as to maximize tumor detectability while minimizing the patient dose. Digital phantoms are generated using the virtual photographic and radiographic imaging simulator (ViPRIS) package. ViPRIS uses a tomographic ph...

PURPOSE Automated planning and delivery of non-coplanar plans such as 4π radiotherapy involving a large number of fields have been developed to take advantage of the newly available automated couch and gantry on C-arm gantry linacs. However, there is an increasing concern regarding the potential changes in the integral dose that needs to be investigated. METHODS A digital torso phantom and 22...

Objectives The aim of this study is to examine the effect of different smoothing filters on the image quality and SUVmax to achieve the guideline recommended positron emission tomography (PET) image without harmonization. Methods We used a Biograph mCT PET scanner. A National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) body phantom was fille...