Inferences about species boundaries and evolutionary history are often complicated by discordance between datasets. In recent times, considerable effort has been devoted to understanding the causes of discordance between the patterns of genetic variation and structure shown by different unlinked molecular markers. The genus Batrachoseps (Caudata, Plethodontidae), the most diverse group of salam...

BACKGROUND Discordance between fractional flow reserve (FFR) and coronary flow velocity reserve (CFVR) may reflect important coronary pathophysiology but usually remains unnoticed in clinical practice. We evaluated the physiological basis and clinical outcome associated with FFR/CFVR discordance. METHODS AND RESULTS We studied 157 intermediate coronary stenoses in 157 patients, evaluated by F...

Molecular biomarkers are used by clinicians to guide selection of the most appropriate systemic therapy for metastatic breast cancer: endocrine therapy, chemotherapy, or human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) – targeted therapy, such as trastuzumab or lapatinib. With increased understanding that molecular biomarker status can change during tumor progression such that biomarker status i...

PURPOSE To report genetic and phenotypic discordance across two generations of a family with autosomal recessive Stargardt disease (STGD1) and to compare pathogenicities of the G1961E and A1038V alleles of the ATP-binding cassette transporter, subfamily A, member 4 (ABCA4) gene. METHODS Five members of a family with STGD1 (patients 1-4, affected; patient 5, carrier) were included. Clinical as...

INTRODUCTION Differences between the opinions of patients and physicians on the impact of asthma are common. We hypothesised that patient-physician discordance may negatively affect asthma outcome. METHODS A total of 2902 patients (61% women, mean age 47 years) with moderate-severe asthma and 231 physicians participated in a prospective study. At the baseline visit, data on demographics, clin...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Partnerships that are discordant by demographic and behavioral characteristics or are concurrent may facilitate transmission of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) by bridging sexual networks. GOAL : The goal of this study was to examine if STI risk within partnerships is associated with discordance and concurrency using the partnership as the unit of analysis. ...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the association between first-trimester growth discordance and adverse pregnancy outcome in dichorionic twin pregnancies. METHODS This was a retrospective cohort study of consecutive women with dichorionic twin pregnancies undergoing an ultrasound scan at our institution between 7 and 14 weeks' gestation. Study groups were defined by the presence or absence of ≥ 11% crow...

BACKGROUND There is limited evidence that among HIV-infected patients haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) values may not accurately reflect glycaemia. We assessed HbA1c discordance (observed HbA1c - expected HbA1c) and associated factors among HIV-infected participants in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS). METHODS Fasting glucose (FG) and HbA1c were measured at each semi-annual MACS visit since 19...

BACKGROUND The discordance in oestrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PgR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) status between primary and recurrent breast cancer is being intensively investigated and a large amount of data have been produced. However, results from different studies are heterogeneous and often conflicting. To highlight this issue, a meta-analysis of publi...

LANGUAGE OUTCOME AFTER LEFT TEMPORAL LOBECTOMY IN PATIENTS WITH DISCORDANT fMRI AND SODIUM AMOBARBITAL TESTING RESULTS Julie K. Janecek, M.S. Marquette University, 2011 The rationale for this study was to examine 1) language lateralization discordance rates between fMRI and the IAT in pre-surgical epilepsy patients and 2) naming outcome after left ATL in a group of patients for whom IAT and fMR...