An outbreak of botulism occurred over a two-month period beginning July 20, 2016. In all, 697 wild birds were found paralyzed or dead at the Namdong reservoir and 11 Gong-gu. Using a mouse bioassay, type C botulinum toxin was identified in the bird serum, liquid cultures of soil samples, and maggot extracts. To minimize further infection of wild birds, we opened the floodgates of the Namdong re...

it is well established that reproduction is sensitive to the state of energy reserves, and that there is a balance between energy homeostasis and fertility. in this view, this study examined the effects of different diets on growth and reproductive performance of fresh water angelfish. twenty four pairs of angelfish (weighing 3.58 ± 0.24 g) were fed with four types of diets including live earth...

Past evaluations of pesticide exposure have been conducted with substantial uncertainty regarding avian consumption of contaminated food items. One question is whether birds consume invertebrates that are killed by a chemical application and that may present an increasing chemical concentration as they desiccate. We addressed the research question in two phases. First, a laboratory study was co...

The examination of flesh of 313 cyprinid fish from the Nam Ngum water reservoir in Vientiane Province, Laos, revealed the presence of four morphologically similar opisthorchiid and heterophyid metacercariae of medical importance. The following morphological characters, visible under dissecting microscope with low magnification, were typical of trematodes recorded in fish: (1) Opisthorchis viver...

"Myiasis" is a parasitic infestation of live human or vertebrate animal tissues or cavities caused by dipterous larvae (maggots) which feed on the host's dead or living tissue, liquid body substances or ingested food. They are extremely rare in Western countries, especially in E.N.T. practice, and to the best of our knowledge, only two cases of myiasis in a tracheostomy wound have been reported...

in order to study the role of phytophthora species associated with greenhouse cucumber root and crown rot, diseased sampled were collected in southern kohgiluyeh and boyerahmad province. pieces of infected root and crown of cucumber were washed with tap water blotted dry and plated on cma supplemented with delvocid (10 ppm pimarcin), ampicillin (250 ppm), rifampicin (10 ppm) and pcnb (150 ppm)....

BACKGROUND Reviews of nursing research have suggested that most is descriptive; with no more than 15% providing strong evidence for practice. No studies have examined this from the perspective of nursing research conducted in Europe. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to review reports of European clinical nursing research in the top 20 nursing journals in 2010 to establish a baseline of nur...

The pink bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella (Saunders), remains a signiÞcant pest of cotton (Gossypium spp.) in the southwestern United States, but is not known to be established in the primary cotton production areas of the southeastern United States. Absence of P. gossypiellamay be the result of federal regulatory action (e.g., monitoring, quarantine, and eradication), climate, or other ecolo...