The paper examines the impact of foreign direct investment and environmental pollution on economic growth in an emerging economy. We used annual data covering period 1986–2020 non-linear autoregressive distributed lag (NARDL) to analyze positive negative co-integrated variables, our findings support asymmetric relationship between investment, both short long run, as well a long-run growth. A on...

BACKGROUND Health care providers are being pressured to lower the cost of care. Because of the inherent cost variability in providing health care, as reimbursement falls, providers may not be able to cover all costs. Understanding the underlying causes of this wide variability is important in determining optimum pricing. Prior studies on the cost of coronary bypass surgery have determined which...

A previous article in this journal (Coelen and Sullivan, 1981) reported new evidence that many State hospital prospective reimbursement (PR) programs have been successful in reducing hospital cost inflation. Limiting proliferation of redundant technologies and community services may be one method of reducing this cost inflation. Data compiled from a sample of over 2,500 hospitals in 15 rate-set...

Achondroplasia, one of the skeletal dysplasias and the commonest form of disproportionate short stature, has a different developmental and growth profile compared to average stature children. In addition, a specific group of complications occur more frequently in children with achondroplasia. These include common but usually relatively minor complications such as recurrent otitis media, and rar...

Self-employment has risen dramatically in Canada, accounting for a disproportionate share of job growth since the 1980's. Using hitherto-unexploited information on labour force transitions from 16 waves of the Survey of Consumer Finances between 1982 and 1998, we show that the changes in transition patterns underlying these increases were very different for women and men. For women, most of the...

Different language communities present in a multimedia blog and social network hosting system are contrasted. The disproportionate population of Chinese language speaking users is explored. Four stages of population growth and activity are examined: invitation, adoption, retention, and contribution. Using blog system logs we find that the Chinese language user population grew from just two invi...

Kenya’s fast growing human population is expected to reach 35 million by the year 2000. In order to cope with such a rapid rate of growth, efforts must be directed towards adequate agricultural and livestock production to counter the disproportionate increase in demand for food. To provide sufficient animal protein (milk and beef products) attempts must be made to eliminate the current constrai...

Two patients are described with grammatical class dissociation: CG, a semantic-dementia patient who presented a disproportionate impairment of nouns compared to verbs; SA, a patient with a left parietal lesion who presented impaired sentence production and a disproportionate deficit for verbs compared to nouns. The results are discussed within the current models on semantic memory and lexical a...