AIMS The definitive cardiac outflow channels have three components: the intrapericardial arterial trunks; the arterial roots with valves; and the ventricular outflow tracts (OFTs). We studied the normal and abnormal development of the most distal of these, the arterial trunks, comparing findings in mice and humans. METHODS AND RESULTS Using lineage tracing and three-dimensional visualization ...

Regeneration of lost body parts has traditionally been seen as a redeployment of embryonic development. However, whether regeneration and embryonic development are controlled by identical, similar or different genetic programmes has not been fully tested. Here, we analyse proximal-distal regeneration in Drosophila leg imaginal discs using the expression of positional markers, and by cell-lineag...

PURPOSE In proton therapy, uncertainty in the location of the distal dose edge can lead to cautious treatment plans that reduce the dosimetric advantage of protons. After radiation exposure, vertebral bone marrow undergoes fatty replacement that is visible on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This presents an exciting opportunity to observe radiation dose distribution in vivo. We used quantitat...

A band of cells forming the edge of the chick blastoderm, and attached to the vitelline membrane, causes the expansion of the blastoderm in the first few days of incubation by active migration across the vitelline membrane. The structure and organization of these cells was examined by light microscopy (both on whole mounts and sections) and transmission electron microscopy. The account presente...

Disorders of the deep infrapatellar bursa are important to include in the differential diagnosis of anterior knee pain. Knowledge regarding its anatomic location can aid the clinician in establishing a proper diagnosis. Fifty cadaveric knees were dissected, and the deep infrapatellar bursa had a consistent anatomic location in all specimens. The deep infrapatellar bursa was located directly pos...

introduction renal tubular acidosis (rta) is a non-uremic defects of urinary acidification. it is characterized by a normal anion gap hyperchloremic  metabolic acidosis; plasma potassium may be normal, low or high-depending on the type of rta. these syndromes differ from uremic acidosis which is associated with a high anion gap, decreased glomerular filtration with enhanced proton secretion by ...

anotomical boundary of atrioventricular node reentrant tachycardia (avnrt) is composed of fast and slow pathways right atrium in upper turnaround and common distal pathway in lower turnaround. we performed electophsiologic study (eps) in 152 patients and could show the existence of distal common pathway with decremental conduction properties in approximately 40 patients.

BACKGROUND/AIMS The aim of this study was to assess the effects of a usual dose of simvastatin (20 mg/day) on plaque regression and vascular remodeling at the peri-stent reference segments after bare-metal stent implantation. METHODS We retrospectively investigated serial intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) findings in 380 peri-stent reference segments (184 proximal and 196 distal to the stent) i...

Let $G= (V,E)$ be a $(p,q)$-graph. A bijection $f: Eto{1,2,3,ldots,q }$ is called an edge-prime labeling if for each edge $uv$ in $E$, we have $GCD(f^+(u),f^+(v))=1$ where $f^+(u) = sum_{uwin E} f(uw)$. Moreover, a bijection $f: Eto{1,2,3,ldots,q }$ is called a semi-edge-prime labeling if for each edge $uv$ in $E$, we have $GCD(f^+(u),f^+(v))=1$ or $f^+(u)=f^+(v)$. A graph that admits an  ...

The incidence and prevalence of foreign body (FB) ingestion are difficult to estimate. Unlike other foreign bodies, the ingestion of a toothpick is very uncommon and carries high morbidity and mortality rates. We report a case of a 73-year-old female patient presenting mid-term epigastric pain. Abdominal ultrasound revealed a slightly dilated common bile duct (CBD) and magnetic resonance showed...