Aiming to more accurately control the wheel speed of an electric vehicle (EV) driven by four in-wheel motors, a developed whale optimization algorithm-proportional–integral–derivative (KW-WOA-PID) algorithm is proposed herein. In this study, mathematical and simulation models are built for EVs analyzing mechanical structures motors. Simulations conducted, driving requirements motors obtained. T...

Abstract—This paper represents performance of particle swarm optimisation (PSO) algorithm based integral (I) controller and proportional-integral controller (PI) for interconnected hydro-thermal automatic generation control (AGC) with generation rate constraint (GRC) and Thyristor controlled phase shifter (TCPS) in series with tie line. The control strategy of TCPS provides active control of sy...

Proportional + Integral + Derivative (PID) controllers are widely used in engineering applications such that more than half of the industrial controllers are PID controllers. There are many methods for tuning the PID parameters in the literature. In this paper an intelligent technique based on eXtended Classifier System (XCS) is presented to tune the PID controller parameters. The PID controlle...

This paper investigates the proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control of positive systems in discrete-time case. First, a tuning parameter is introduced to construct framework systems. The problem thus transformed into synthesis with time-delay. By virtue matrix decomposition approach, gain matrices controller are designed. Using co-positive Lyapunov functions and linear programming, posit...

In-silico control of complex stochastic biological systems is a promising area cybergenetics, which provides enabling theoretical and practical tools for the real-time living cells with digital computers. We demonstrate here that simple proportional-integral laws can be used to both mean variance expression product gene network. Extensions more general unimolecular networks, networks input dela...

In continually increasing area and structure of modern power system having burden demand uncertainties, the use knowledgeable vigorous frequency strategy is essential for satisfactory functioning Power system. A combined fuzzy proportional-integral-derivative (CFPID) controller suggested supervision To optimize parameters, a review sine cosine work adjusted improved whale optimization algorithm...