A hydrological model for real time flood forecasting to Civil Protection services requires reliability and rapidity. At present, computational capabilities overcome the rapidity needs even when a fully distributed hydrological model is adopted for a large river catchment as the Upper Po river basin closed at Ponte Becca (nearly 40 000 km2). This approach allows simulating the whole domain and o...

Hazard assessment of shallow landslides represents an important aspect of land management in mountainous areas. Among all the methods proposed in the literature, physically based methods are the only ones that explicitly includes the dynamic factors that control landslide triggering (rainfall pattern, land-use). For this reason, they allow forecasting both the temporal and the spatial distribut...

Best Management Practices (BMPs) are implemented in a watershed to reduce the amount of non-point source pollutants transported to water bodies. However, an optimization algorithm is required to choose the efficient type, size, and location of BMPs for application in a watershed for improving the water quality. In this study, the Charged System Search, a well-known and powerful meta-heuristic o...

Multi-objective optimization algorithms are widely used for the calibration of conceptual hydrological models. Such algorithms yield a set of Pareto-optimal solutions, reflecting the model structure uncertainty. In this study, a multi-objective optimization strategy is suggested, which aims at reducing the model structure uncertainty by considering parameter interaction within Pareto-optimal so...

regarding to increased use of groundwater resources, it seems necessary to have more accurate knowledge of characteristics of aquifers in order to improved usage and accurate management of these resources. in this study, we simulated groundwater flow of qazvin aquifer usingvisual modflow model, collecting data and statistics, as well as using different studies. the simulation model has operated...

The hydrological recovery of watersheds from disturbances such as ®re and harvest can change the magnitude and distribution of ̄ow paths as the canopy regenerates. The spatial distribution of net water input to the soil±topography system is mediated by vegetation patterns through the processes of interception, evapotranspiration and snowmelt. We have previously described RHESSys, a distributed ...

In the field of operational flood forecasting, uncertainties linked to hydrological forecast are often crucial. In this work, data assimilation techniques are employed to improve hydrological variable estimates coming from numerical simulations using all the available real-time water level measurements. The proposed assimilation scheme, a classical Kalman filter extension to non-linear systems,...