In this letter, a novel supplementary index bit aided transmit diversity (SIB-TD) approach is proposed for an enhanced discrete cosine transform based orthogonal frequency division multiplexing with modulation (EDCT-OFDM-IM) system. Specifically, conventional (IM) employed the first antenna, i.e., main branch, and non-activated subcarriers’ indices in one group are utilized IM mapping on same s...

Faunal diversity is an indicator of soil amelioration. Estimating the population size or density of an animal species in an area is fundamental to understand its status and demography and to plan for its management and conservation. Considering this, faunal diversity in reclamed sodic land was monitored during rainy season 2000-01 at different locations of district viz., Aligarh, Etah, Fatehpur...

introduction the complexity of natural ecosystem, as the rangelands, is caused to propose the different approaches toevaluatethe ecosystem on the basis of sustainable and systematic management. study on the interaction connectionsbetween plants and biotic and abiotic factors in the rangeland ecosystem can be achieved by relationsofmanagerial strategies in order to conduct the rangeland health. ...

Measuring the intellectual diversity encoded in publication records as a proxy to the degree of interdisciplinarity has recently received considerable attention in the science mapping community. The present paper draws upon the use of the Stirling index as a diversity measure applied to a network model (customized science map) of research profiles, proposed by several authors. A modified versio...

Conventional wisdom indicates that economic specialization can promote economic growth, whereas economic stability is theoretically associated with diversified economies. This conflicting relationship between specialization and diversity has been questioned, as regional scientists have suggested that specialization and diversity can coexist in a regional economy and proposed the concept of dive...

It is generally assumed that using more diverse traffic to test network devices could achieve larger code coverage. However, how to describe the diversity of traffic traces and the relationship between the traffic diversity and code coverage is still an issue. In this paper, the traffic diversity is defined using the number of packets and the size of the subnets involved, and traces having vari...

Species diversity includes two aspects, the number of species (species richness) and the proportional abundances of the species (heterogeneity diversity). Species richness and heterogeneity diversity can be measured over different scales; a single point, samples, large scales, biogeographical provinces and in assemblages and habitats. In the literature, the terminology of these scales is confus...