Appellate courts, which have the most control over legal doctrine, tend to operate through collegial (multimember) decision making. How does this collegiality affect their choice of legal doctrine? Can decisions by appellate courts be expected to result in a meaningful collegial rule? How do such collegial rules differ from the rules of individual judges? We explore these questions and show tha...

INTRODUCTION ................................................................................... 313 I. THE CONTEXT AND LAW OF INS ........................................... 317 A. AHN and the Declining Newspaper Industry .................... 319 B. Theflyonthewall and New Challenges to the Hot News Doctrine .............................................................................. 321 II....

We provide a construction which co-freely adds elementary structure to a primary doctrine in the sense of Lawvere. We show that the construction preserves all the first order logical structures that the starting doctrine may have. Moreover it forces the Principle of Propositional Extensionality when applied to tripos.

To grasp fully the significance of this principle (which is usually described by using the Latin maxim nullum crimen nulla poena sine lege) a few words of introduction are necessary. National legal systems tend to embrace, and ground their criminal law on either the doctrine of substantive justice or that of strict legality. Under the former doctrine the legal order must primarily aim at prohib...

The Indian Army Doctrine was first published by the Shimla-based Headquarters Army Training Command in October 2004. The original publication was in three parts and a five-yearly review was envisaged. As reported in the media, the army held a closed door seminar at the end of 2009 as part of the ongoing review. Immediately afterwards, sections of the media reported one main thrust of the review...

external effects or opposabilité is a legal subject that some legal authors of france take advantage of which for clarifying the scope of the doctrine of the privity of contract and as a complementary principal. the use of the foresaid term does not go back to a long way and there is still a dispute over its bases. because the doctrine of the privity of contract is adapted from the civil code o...

This Article examines the competing visions of medical care represented by the professional paradigm and the market-based economic paradigm and considers the implications of those visions for the development of public policy. The first Part identifies the premises underlying the professional model and the influences that have bolstered each model. Notably, application of antitrust law to the he...