The reported IgG seroprevalence against hepatitis E virus (HEV) in German blood donations is 6.8%, and HEV RNA detected in 0.08%, but documented evidence for HEV transmission is lacking. We identified two donations from a single donor containing 120 IU HEV RNA/mL plasma and 490 IU/mL. An infectious dose of 7,056 IU HEV RNA was transmitted via apheresis platelets to an immunosuppressed patient w...

We report on the results of laboratory experiments of voluntary giving with suggested donations. Asking subjects to give the socially optimal amount reduces giving compared to no suggestion. Asking subjects not to give also depresses giving. However, moderate suggested donations produce modest positive e¤ects. We o¤er a model using the fairness equilibrium framework of Rabin (1993) that is capa...

Emphasis must also be given on voluntary risk reductions, which will require increased awareness and change in attitude of people. Voluntary blood donations have to be made a part of a healthy lifestyle. Enlightening people about the benefits of voluntary blood donations and making it important for appraisals, admissions and employment can overcome this problem. All this, however, requires stro...

NGOs are widely perceived to raise their flag in humanitarian hot-spots with strong media presence in order to attract higher private donations. We assess this hypothesis by comparing the changes in donations between US-based NGOs with and without activities in the four countries most affected by the tsunami in the Indian Ocean in 2004. Performing a difference-in-difference-in-differences (DDD)...

This paper provides an econometric analysis of the relationship between live and deceased (cadaveric) kidney donations for the United States for the period 1992:IV through 2006:II. We find strong evidence for deceased donor kidneys "crowding out" living donations, potentially undermining conventional efforts to reduce the shortage. We also find evidence for the "dirty altruism" hypothesis of Os...

Concerns for reputation can promote cooperative behaviour. Individuals that behave cooperatively stand to benefit if they gain in influence, status or are more likely to be chosen as interaction partners by others. Most theoretical and empirical models of cooperation predict that image score will increase with cooperative contributions. Individuals are therefore expected to make higher contribu...

Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels were determined in 8,420 plasmapheresis donations obtained from 431 donors over a period of 18 months. Using sex-differentiated normal ranges 2.5% of donations but 23% of donors exhibited elevated ALT levels on at least 1 occasion. Amongst the donors with elevated ALT this was only seen on 1 occasion in one third, while a quarter had elevations in consecuti...

According to the identifiability effect, people will donate more to a single beneficiary rather than to many beneficiaries, holding constant what the donations are actually used for. We test the identifiability effect for two novel subject pools (the suppliers and beneficiaries of volunteer labor). We also test a refinement of the identifiability effect where we vary whether or not the single b...

This study investigates how an Ivy League school's football season ticket holders demonstrate their attachment and allegiance to the intercollegiate athletic product through the application of stakeholder theory as a marketing-based construct. This paper merges the tenets of stakeholder theory and the theoretical constructs of attachment and allegiance initially investigated in Covell (2004) to...