The concept of dose-response linearity has been in practice for risk assessment of chemical carcinogens and ionising radiation for the past 30 years. But in recent years the evidence from cancer mortality studies and new radiobiological phenomena such as genomic instability, the bystander effect and adaptive response have challenged this accepted hypothesis questioning whether low dose linearit...

Study to determine the induction of the bystander effect from Fe ion beam compared to x-rays in human keratinocytes I Do Heavy Ions Induce the Bystander Effect? Study to determine the induction of the bystander effect from Fe ion beam compared to x-rays in human keratinocytes Abstract The bystander effect is the observation that non-irradiated cells near a cell traversed by radiation express bi...

Background: The induction of bystander effect via ionizing radiation has been well proven. However, few studies have investigated the bystander effect following non-ionizing radiation, such as ultrasound waves. Here, the bystander effect after different sonication times on human melanoma cell line (A375), is evaluated by assessing cell viability and apoptosis. Materials and Methods: The cells w...

A rapidly growing body of experimental evidence indicates that ionizing radiation induces biological effects in non-irradiated bystander cells that have received signals from adjacent or distant irradiated cells. This phenomenon, which has been termed the ionizing radiation-induced bystander effect, challenges the long-standing paradigm that radiation traversal through the nucleus of a cell is ...

A protective effect of exogenous carbon monoxide (CO), generated by CO releasing molecule ticarbonyldichlororuthenium (II) dimer (CORM-2), on the bystander cells from the toxicity of radiation-induced bystander effect (RIBE) was revealed in our previous study. In the present work, a possible mechanism of this CO effect was investigated. The results from medium transfer experiments showed that α...

The ethanolic extract of Wedelia chinensis (EEWC) belonging to the family of Asteraceae was evaluated by hot plate and acetic acid induced writhing methods to assess its analgesic activity. The extract was also evaluated for its by using on carrageenan, mediators such as histamine and serotonin induced paw oedema, and cotton pellet induced granuloma tests for its effect on acute and chronic ...

Bystander responses have been reported to be a major determinant of the response of cells to radiation exposure at low doses, including those of relevance to therapy. In this study, human glioblastoma T98G cell nuclei were individually irradiated with an exact number of helium ions using a single-cell microbeam. It was found that when only 1 cell in a population of approximately 1200 cells was ...

The Gray Cancer Institute ultrasoft X-ray microprobe was used to quantify the bystander response of individual V79 cells exposed to a focused carbon K-shell (278 eV) X-ray beam. The ultrasoft X-ray microprobe is designed to precisely assess the biological response of individual cells irradiated in vitro with a very fine beam of low-energy photons. Characteristic CK X rays are generated by a foc...