Hedging down-and-out puts (and up-and-out calls), where the maximum payoff is reached just before a barrier hit that would render claim worthless afterwards, challenging. All hedging methods potentially lead to large errors when underlying already close and hedge portfolio can only be adjusted in discrete time intervals. In this paper, we analyze situation, especially case of overnight trading ...

Speed as a crucial phenomenon of modernism affects individual and collective life of human being and changes the traits of the places people live in. Increasing speed is the demand of the modern era, though on the other side in recent years there is a contrary incline towards slowing down different aspects of life. In view of this, the dualities in between social features of Speed up and slow d...

Introduction: Emotional stimulus is processed automatically in a bottom-up way or can be processed voluntarily in a top-down way. Imaging studies have indicated that bottom-up and top-down processing are mediated through different neural systems. However, temporal differentiation of top-down versus bottom-up processing of facial emotional expressions has remained to be clarified. The present st...

Performance prediction of checkpointing systems in the presence of failures is a well-studied research area. This paper makes three small contributions to this research area. First, we show how to apply the concept of availability from reliability theory as a useful metric for checkpointing systems. Second, we study the average availability of uniprocessor checkpointing systems, using the libck...

In this paper, sliding mode control (SMC) for a bidirectional buck/boost DC-DC converter (BDC) with constant frequency in continuous conduction mode (CCM) is discussed. Since the converter is a high-order converter, the reduced-order sliding manifold is exploited. Because of right-half-plan zero (RHPZ) in the converter’s duty ratio to output voltage transfer function, sliding mode current...