The growing need for clean drinking water worldwide has increased the interest in natural surface-water treatment techniques such as bank filtration. Bank filtration has been used for more than a century in drinking water production. Historically, it was recognized as an efficient natural attenuation process ensuring sustainability of drinking-water supply. If bank-filtration facilities are des...

The flow through a unit of a drinking water treatment plant is one of the most important parameters in terms of a unit’s effectiveness. In the present paper, a new EPAnet library is presented with the typical hydraulic elements for drinking water treatment processes well abstraction, rapid sand filtration and cascade and tower aeration. Using this treatment step library, a hydraulic model was s...

prolonged excessive intake of fluoride during child's growth and development stages has been associated with mental and physical problems. the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of excessive fluoride intake on the intelligence quotient (iq) of children living in five rural areas in makoo/iran.in this cross-sectional study, 293 children aged 6-11 years were selected from five villag...

Delhi, the capital city of India is facing many problems of water shortage which are exacerbated by the population growth, urbanization, industrialization and migration. As part of the WP 7.9 of the TECHNEAU integrated project, the feasibility of the OBM process combined with river bank filtration to provide a sustainable and safe drinking water supply for Delhi is investigated within this repo...

Perchlorate contamination of aquifers and drinking-water supplies has led to stringent regulations in several states to reduce perchlorate concentrations in water at acceptable levels for human consumption. Several perchlorate treatment technologies exist, but there is significant cost associated with their use, and the majority of them are unable to degrade perchlorate to innocuous chloride. W...