Background The mechanisms involved in the etiology of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) are complex. A small proportion of ADRs are due to drug hypersensitivity where the immune response causes an unexpected and severe clinical reaction. The mechanisms of drug hypersensitivity are not yet fully understood, but genome wide screens have identified an association with HLA alleles and certain drugs. Fu...

CMV: cytomegalovirus DIHS: drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome DRESS: drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms HHV: human herpesvirus WBC: white blood cell INTRODUCTION Drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome (DIHS)/ drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) is a severe adverse systemic reaction. DIHS is characterized by its limited number of causative drugs, ...

Drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS), also known as drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome (DIHS), is a severe adverse drug reaction affecting multiple organs caused by drug treatment. The current report describes a man who was prescribed zonisamide for epilepsy and subsequently developed widespread skin rash, acute kidney injury, high-grade fever, eosinophilia, liver dysfu...

A ranula is a mucus retention cyst or pseudocyst caused by leakage of mucus from the sublingual gland and generally occurs in the oral floor. In addition, drug induced hypersensitivity syndrome (DIHS) is a rare but well-recognized serious adverse effect characterized by fever, skin rashes, generalized lymphadenopathy, hepatitis, and hepatosplenomegaly and oral stomatitis. This paper presents th...

Anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome (AHS) is a rare, severe drug hypersensitivity reaction included in the drug-related rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms syndrome (DRESS), in which a transient state of immune suppression and reactivation of latent virus infections have been observed. We describe 5 patients who developed neosensitization to different drugs taken during a previous...

Hypersensitivity drug reactions (HDRs) are the adverse effect of pharmaceuticals that clinically resemble allergy. HDRs account for approximately 1/6 of drug-induced adverse effects, and include immune-mediated ("allergic") and non-immune-mediated ("pseudo allergic") reactions. In recent years, the severe and unpredicted drug adverse events clearly indicate that the immune system can be a criti...

INTRODUCTION Beta-lactam antibiotics are the most frequent cause of antibiotic hypersensitivity reactions. The study of all cases of suspected beta-lactam hypersensitivity is highly important, to avoid the use of less efficient or more expensive alternatives, for fear of a reaction. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixty-seven consecutive patients with suspected beta-lactam hypersensitivity reactions we...

AML: acute myeloid leukemia INTRODUCTION Bullous drug eruptions are cutaneous dermal hypersensitivity reactions to systemically administered medications. Classically, these eruptions appear 5 to 14 days after the initiation of the offending agent. On histopathologic examination, dermal hypersensitivity reactions are characterized by a superficial perivascular lymphocytic infiltrate, often with ...

Immediate-type drug hypersensitivity is an increasingly significant clinical issue; however, the diagnosis is frequently hindered due to lack of safe and precise diagnostic tests. Flow cytometry-assisted basophil activation test is a safe in vitro diagnostic tool for assessing basophil activation upon allergen stimulation. In this review, we have summarized current literature on the diagnostic ...