Introduction: Deconvolution of thermal emission spectra from Mars orbiting spacecraft, in-situ analysis of martian rocks by Mars Pathfinder, Spirit and Opportunity rovers, as well as investigation of martian meteorites, all point towards a wide magmatic diversity at the surface of the planet. Compositions varying from olivine-rich basalt to high-silica granite / rhyolite through basaltic andesi...

Background. We have previously shown that increasing myocardial carnitine levels in fatty acidperfused isolated working rat hearts dramatically increases glucose oxidation rates. Since high levels of fatty acids depress reperfusion recovery of ischemic hearts by inhibiting glucose oxidation, we determined what effect carnitine has on glucose oxidation during reperfusion of ischemic hearts. Meth...

In this paper, we critically evaluate the statistical approaches and datasets previously used to derive chronic egg selenium thresholds for mallard ducks (laboratory data) and black-necked stilts (field data). These effect concentration thresholds of 3%, 10% (EC10), or 20% have been used by regulatory agencies to set avian protection criteria and site remediation goals, thus the need for carefu...

Effect of selenium on uptake of cadmium in the benthic marine invertebrates Asterias rubens, Mytilus edulis, Littorina littorea, and Arenicola marina was investigated in a series of laboratory experiments. A. rubens exposed to 200 ~cg Cd 1-' alone took up cadmium in body wall, pyloric caeca, and tube feet at initial rates of 1 to 2 pg Cd g-' dry wt d-'; steady state concentrations of 10 to 30 p...

Previous studies showed that coenzyme Q(1) (CoQ(1)) reduction on passage through the rat pulmonary circulation was catalyzed by NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) and mitochondrial complex I, but that NQO1 genotype was not a factor in CoQ(1) reduction on passage through the mouse lung. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the complex I contribution to CoQ(1) reduction in the isolat...

Objectives of this study were to understand how opaque-2 (o2) mutation and quality protein maize (QPM) affect maize kernel composition and starch structure, property, and enzyme digestibility. Kernels of o2 maize contained less protein (9.6-12.5%) than those of the wild-type (WT) counterparts (12.7-13.3%). Kernels of a severe o2 mutant B46o2 also contained less starch (66.9%) than those of B46w...

Background: TRR14 protein is a small member of a multi-gene family in Arabidopsis and is the first ones found during screening of seedlings for their resistant to the trehalose sugar.Objectives: Characterization ofTRR14 over-expressed plants with respect to morphological changes, growth and photosynthesis related parameters.Materials and methods: TRR14gene was isolated from Arabidop...

Advanced age, independent of concurrent cardiovascular disease, can be associated with increased extracellular matrix (ECM) fibrillar collagen content and abnormal diastolic function. However, the mechanisms causing this left ventricular (LV) remodeling remain incompletely defined. We hypothesized that one determinant of age-dependent remodeling is a change in the extent to which newly synthesi...

Recently, a simple method for the extraction of lipids from wet biomass using liquefied dimethyl ether (DME) without drying, cell disruption, or heating was proposed. Here, the versatility of this method was evaluated for labyrinthula Aurantiochytrium limacinum (A. limacinum). The liquefied DME was passed through the extractor that filled by A. limacinum at different time intervals. The extract...

Dacotah switchgrass was pretreated with sulfuric acid concentrations of 0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 wt.% at 140, 160, and 180 °C and with 1 and 3 wt.% sulfur dioxide at 180 °C over a range of times. Sulfur dioxide loadings of 0%, 1%, 3%, 5%, and 10%wt.% of dry biomass were also tested at 180 °C for 10 min. Sugar yields were tracked for pretreatment and subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis to identify conditio...