The Chk1 kinase is required for the arrest of cell cycle progression when DNA is damaged, and for stabilizing stalled replication forks. As a consequence, many Chk1 inhibitors have been developed and tested for their potential to enhance DNA damage-induced tumor cell killing. However, inhibition of Chk1 alone, without any additional exogenous agent, can be cytotoxic. Understanding the underlyin...

The telecommunication world is experiencing the 5th generation (5G) networks deployment including use of millimeter wave (mmW) frequency bands to satisfy capacity demands. This leads extensive optical communications, especially fiber connectivity at last mile access and edge networks. In this paper we outline free space optics (FSO) technologies for as part 5G fronthaul network. We investigate ...

The Spo11-generated double-strand breaks (DSBs) that initiate meiotic recombination are dangerous lesions that can disrupt genome integrity, so meiotic cells regulate their number, timing, and distribution. Mechanisms of this regulation remain poorly understood. Here, we use Spo11-oligonucleotide complexes, a byproduct of DSB formation, to reveal aspects of the contribution of the Saccharomyces...

Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) is a common genetic alteration in tumors and often extends several megabases to encompass multiple genetic loci or even whole chromosome arms. Based on marker and karyotype analysis of tumor samples, a significant fraction of LOH events appears to arise from mitotic recombination between homologous chromosomes, reminiscent of recombination during meiosis. As DNA dou...

DNA repair activity of malignant cells seems to influence therapeutic outcome and patients' survival. Herein, we investigated the mechanistic basis for the link between DNA repair efficiency and response to antimyeloma therapy. Nucleotide excision repair (NER), interstrand cross-links repair (ICL/R), double-strand breaks repair (DSB/R), and chromatin structure were evaluated in multiple myeloma...

Two novel betaine surfactants with distinct hydrophilic headgroups were synthesized, including carboxybetaine surfactant (DCB) and sulfobetaine (DSB). Their properties of reducing the interfacial tension (IFT) Xinjiang crude oil/water studied under alkaline-free conditions, as their thermal stability, wettability, emulsification properties. The chemical structures target products characterized ...

We compare a Double-Sideband (DSB) system with 4 IFs of 2-GHz bandwidth each (4 GHz times two polarizations = 8 GHz total) and the two-Single-Sideband (2SB) system with 8 IFs of 2-GHz bandwidth each (4 GHz times two polarizations times separated two sidebands = 16 GHz total) that has been proposed for the baseline ALMA. We compare the sensitivity of these systems by adopting the state-of-art re...

Double-strand breaks (DSBs) are one of the most harmful DNA lesions. Cells utilize two main pathways for DSB repair: homologous recombination (HR) and nonhomologous end-joining (NHEJ). NHEJ can be subdivided into the KU-dependent classical NHEJ (c-NHEJ) and the more error-prone KU-independent backup-NHEJ (b-NHEJ) pathways, involving the poly (ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs). However, in the abs...