Purpose: The purpose of this research is to design and compile a model of friendship-oriented leadership. The statistical population included a group of experts in the field of leadership and management and broadcasting experts in the field of broadcasting. Methodology: In this research, a total of 20 people were selected as participants using a targeted sampling approach. The data was collect...

We studied the effect of nearest pattern interaction on a global pattern formation in a two-dimensional space, where patterns are to grow initially from a noise in the presence of a periodic supply of energy. Although our approach is general, we found that this study is relevant in particular to the pattern formation on a periodically vibrated granular layer, as it gives a unified perspective o...

In the present study, we report on a series of coding schemes to classify errors in open-set recognition of speech and environmental sounds from previous perceptual learning experiments with cochlear implant simulations (Loebach and Pisoni, 2007; in press). Open-set responses to MRT and PB words were coded for place of articulation, manner of articulation and voicing errors in the identificatio...

Bit rate adaptation is one of the basic problems in universal multimedia access. Therefore, in many cases, there exists a strong requirement for a very fast transcoding implementation. Usually, open-loop transcoding architecture is the desired solution with the lowest computational complexity. However, severe drift error makes it infeasible to most applications. In this paper, we propose a drif...

The ability of Gaussian noise to induce ordered states in dynamical systems is here presented in an overview of the main stochastic mechanisms able to generate spatial patterns. These mechanisms involve: (i) a deterministic local dynamics term, accounting for the local rate of variation of the field variable, (ii) a noise component (additive or multiplicative) accounting for the unavoidable env...

Localized ecological interactions can generate striking large-scale spatial patterns in ecosystems through spatial self-organization. Possible mechanisms include oscillating consumer-resource interactions, localized disturbance-recovery processes and scale-dependent feedback. Despite abundant theoretical literature, studies revealing spatial self-organization in real ecosystems are limited. Rec...

Selecting the incorrect control during the operation of underground bolting and drilling equipment causes serious injuries. Shape coding and the layout of dual control banks are two aspects of control design which require further examination. The aims of this research were: (i) to determine whether arbitrary shape coding was effective in reducing selection error rates in a virtual analogy of ro...

In this paper, we outline how the grounded theory methodology (Strauss and Corbin’s version) was adapted to develop a theory of collaboration in virtual teams. Specifically, we studied virtual teams composed of students from a US and a Canadian university engaged in 14 week long systems development projects. We analyzed data using adapted versions of open coding, axial coding, and selective cod...

During software programming, code readability is very important because it affects the understanding of the code context, facilitates communication and collaboration between team members, and it avoids problematic software maintenance. In this study, our research hypothesis was that the coding style affects the code readability. Developers who do not comply with coding conventions and guideline...

Long non-coding RNAs account for large proportion of non-coding transcripts in human genomes. Though they lack of open reading framework and cannot encode protein, they can control endogenous gene expression though regulating cell life activities. They serve as transcriptional modulator, posttranscriptional processor, chromatin remodeler and splicing regulator during the process of gene modific...