The spatial extent of the transported materials from three road types was studied in forest soil and vegetative communities in Vermont. Hypotheses were two-fold: 1) soil chemical concentrations above background environment would reflect traffic volume and road type (highway>2-lane paved>gravel), and 2) plant communities close to the road and near roads with greater traffic will be disturbance-t...

We examined the influence of both the proximity and extent of human developments and paved roads on the presence of the predatory, non-indigenous, red imported fire ant (Solenopsis invicta). This species was inadvertently introduced into the United States at the port of Mobile, Alabama, around 1930 and rapidly spread to many southeastern states, including Florida. More recently, S. invicta colo...

Forest roads are often subject to intense runoff and erosion, the rates can be increased by other disturbance factors, such as wildfires. Since scarce literature exists on effects of wildfires rill erosion forest roads, this study presents first results a wider research, evaluating in four different types Hellìn (Castilla-La Mancha, Central-Eastern Spain): unpaved made native materials (soil fo...

The effects of the epidemic COVID-19 can be seen in natural deterioration roads. Self-isolation and curfews during pandemic further exacerbate mental health problem. Through this project, researchers hoped to convey negative impression pothole-strewn streets through an art installation. Using artistic medium is one way counteract perception people have potholes. In freshly picked flowers, with ...

As part of the Army's Demo III project, a sensor-based system has been developed to identify roads and to enable a mobile robot to drive along them. A ladar sensor, which produces range images, and a color camera are used in conjunction to locate the road surface and its boundaries. Sensing is used to constantly update an internal world model of the road surface. The world model is used to pred...

Background; Contamination of water and soil through non-point sources such as road runoff causes environmental concern. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of Zanjan – Chavarzagh road on the total organic carbon (TOC) content of sediments in tributaries and the river that lead to Taham Lake. Methods; In tributaries and the river 69 soil and sediment samples were taken and the Tota...

In the Monte desert, increasing population density, changing land rights and infrastructure may encourage livestock activity, with unknown consequences on ecosystems. Factors that influence livestock settlement distribution may affect ecosystem degradation. We hypothesize that surface and groundwater availability influence livestock settlements distribution. We evaluated this hypothesis with a ...

Islands are conventionally (and narrowly) referred to as isolated lands in surrounding waters. However, in broad senses and when loosely defined, ‘islands’ also include insular areas or entities such as mountain tops, lakes (e.g., potholes in northern Great Plains in North America), oasis (in deserts), and springs (especially in deserts) that support unique species assemblages relative to surro...