syntax notation (ASN.1),49–51basic encoding rules (BER), 50built-in types, 49defined, 49new data type example, 50, 51

This paper presents a model of a card payment system to address the pricing and rules that govern such systems. It evaluates the social optimality of privately set interchange fees and the adoption of a rule by payment systems to prevent merchants surcharging for card transactions using two extremes of merchant pricing—monopolistic pricing and perfect competition. Both types of merchant pricing...

What are the benefits provided by a payment system? What are the tradeoffs in public versus private payment systems and in restricted versus open payments arrangements? Modern payment systems encompass a variety of institutional designs with varying degrees of counterparty protection. We develop a framework which allows for an examination and comparison of payment systems, and specification of ...

This paper is mainly concerned with the study in which how we can make our electronic transaction more safely and protective and also concerned with research of the security technology, key technology and current application protocol of payment transaction on network, and gives some useful suggestions and countermeasures for the development of protective payment transaction on network and safet...

Security is clearly a very important factor governing the size of the e-commerce market. E-commerce security concerns include payment confidentiality, payment integrity, and payment authorisation for Internet transactions. Currently, many potential e-commerce participants are reluctant to participate in Internet e-commerce because of these concerns, not least because many users perceive Interne...

In December 2014, a group of Australian financial institutions announced that funding had been secured for the next phase of the New Payments Platform (NPP), which will provide the capability for Australian consumers and businesses to make and receive payments in near to real time. The NPP is one example of a fast retail payment system, a number of which have been implemented in other countries...

With the development of digital rights management systems, new commercial applications for the trade with digital goods will be introduced, and new information services will be provided. As digital goods or services can be delivered over networks, it is also desired that they can immediately be paid electronically. Thus, it is assumed that the trade with digital goods stimulates the deployment ...

As business is moving from face-to-face trading, mail order, and telephone order to electronic commerce over open networks such as the Internet, crucial security issues are being raised. Whereas Electronic Funds Transfer over financial networks is reasonably secure, securing payments over open networks connecting commercial servers and consumer workstations poses challenges of a new dimension. ...