[1] Surface air temperature measurements from meteorological stations on the Tibetan Plateau are compared to 2-m temperatures from the European Centre for MediumRange Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) reanalysis (ERA-40) to assess the accuracy of this reanalysis product. We focus on ERA-40 grid cells containing at least four stations. The reanalysis temperatures are consistently lower, by as much as 7 ...

A novel diagnostic tool is presented, based on polar-cap temperature anomalies, for visualizing daily variability of the Arctic stratospheric polar vortex over multiple decades. This visualization illustrates the ubiquity of extended-time-scale recoveries from stratospheric sudden warmings, termed here polar-night jet oscillation (PJO) events. These are characterized by an anomalously warm pola...

Analysis of the NCEP and 40-yr ECMWF Re-Analysis (ERA-40) data and the Xisha Island station observation indicates that the low-level meridional wind (LLMW) over the South China Sea (SCS) experienced an interdecadal variation since the late 1970s. The LLMW change is associated with the reduction of tropospheric temperature in midlatitude East Asia. A mechanism is put forward to explain the trigg...

In this study, temporal and spatial trends of sea surface temperature (SST), wind speed, air temperature, salinity (SSS), sea-level pressure (SLP), SST-based upwelling index are examined compared with data from previous studies. Analyses these parameters performed for five critical locations that best illustrate the characteristic meteorological oceanographic structures Aegean Sea. Upwelling ca...

A series of 40-year significant wave height (SWH) data were extracted from the ERA-Interim set European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF), Beibu Gulf and its adjacent waters in South China Sea 1979 to 2018. After that, first aggregated annual monthly average data. Through analysis, SWH had grown since 1984, reached a level 1995, maximum 1.068 m 2011. The values between April Sep...

[1] Changes in tropospheric water vapor over the Arctic are examined for the period 1979 to 2010 using humidity and temperature data from nine high latitude radiosonde stations north of 70 N with nearly complete records, and from six atmospheric reanalyses, emphasizing the three most modern efforts, MERRA, CFSR and ERA-Interim. Based on comparisons with the radiosonde profiles, the reanalyses a...

Evaluation of ECMWF ERA-40 temperature and wind in the lower tropical stratosphere since 1988 from past long-duration balloon measurements T. Christensen, B. M. Knudsen, J.-P. Pommereau, G. Letrenne, A. Hertzog, F. Vial, J. Ovarlez, and M. Piot Danish Meteorological Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark Service d’Aéronomie, IPSL/CNRS, Verrières-Le-Buisson, France Centre National d’Études Spatiales, To...

averaged winter season systematic initial tendency errors for temperature tendencies [K/s] based on eight years (1982-89) of ERA assimilations using the slow normal mode insertion (SNMI) technique (uper cross section) and using the simple nudging technique (lower cross section). Figure 1 from the paper: Diagonsis of systematic initial tendency errors in an atmospheric AGCM using slow normal mod...

[1] This study evaluates three major Numerical-Weather-Prediction reanalyses (ERA-Interim, NCEP/NCAR Reanalysis I, and NCEP/DOE Reanalysis II) in modeling surface relative shortwave cloud forcing, cloud fraction, and cloud albedo. The observations used for this evaluation are decade-long surface-based continuous measurements of the U.S. Atmospheric Radiation Measurement (ARM) program from 03/25...