In this paper, economic vulnerability is defined as the exposure of an economy to exogenous shocks, arising out of economic openness, while economic resilience is defined as the policy-induced ability of an economy to withstand or recover from the effects of such shocks. The paper briefly reviews the work already carried out on economic vulnerability and extends the research towards the develop...

this paper aims to study the relationship between intellectual property and patent and economic growth in islamic countries for the period of 1990 – 2010. this theoretical basis of the model is constructed on economic growth models in 1990s. the technique which we employed is the index of patents to measure the impact on economic growth. to analysis this relationship we use “pedroni cointegrati...

In this article we address one of the most prominent questions in historical sociology: did economic modernization in the nineteenth century lead to societal openness? In an attempt to answer the question we examine the chances for lowerclass grooms of marrying upwardly in five Belgian cities (Aalst, Leuven, Ghent, Verviers, and Liège). Our findings show that there is no support for a meritocra...

There are documented differences between the success and failure factors in the developed and developing countries with regard to the adoption and embracement of Openness in e-Government practice models. This paper posits that e-Government constitutes a critical context for social and economic development in both developed and developing countries. The paper also suggests that e-Government enco...

This study assesses dynamics of openness and finance in Africa by integrating financial development dynamics of depth, activity and size in the assessment of how financial, trade, institutional, political and other openness policies (of second generation structural and institutional reforms) have affected financial development. The empirical evidence is based on Generalized Method of Moments wi...

The US recession that began in late 2007 had significant spillover effects to the rest of the globe. This paper studies the impact of the US financial crisis and the accompanying economic contraction on 29 emerging market countries in South America, the Middle East, Eastern Europe, the Baltics and Asia. As shown in Figure 2 of the paper, the economic contraction experienced by emerging markets ...

This paper explores the relationship between economic openness and income per person using crosscountry data. To address endogeneity concerns we extend the instrumental-variables strategy first used by Frankel and Romer (1999). First, we show that bilateral geographic characteristics of countries such as distance, contiguity and commonality of language are successful in predicting openness to i...

Abstract This paper surveys the literature on the implications of trade liberalisation for intra-national economic geographies. Three results stand out. First, neither urban systems models nor new economic geography models imply a robust prediction for the impact of trade openness on spatial concentration. Whether trade promotes concentration or dispersion depends on subtle modelling choices am...

Researchers typically assume that economic openness increases volatility. But the conventional empirical shorthand for economic openness (trade as a share of overall income) fails to account for crucial distinctions in the way that states trade. States that are deeply incorporated into the core of the international trading network have very different experiences than states at the periphery wit...

The impact of globalization on democratic governance is vigorously contested. This debate has largely failed to address the impact of integration on the signature institution of representative democracies|competitive elections. In this paper, I argue that globalization makes the voter's fundamental problem of selecting a desirable representative easier by increasing the revelation of informatio...