to evaluate the effects of mycorrhiza symbiosis in increased tolerance to drought stress in wheat (triticum aestivum) an outdoor greenhouse experiment was conducted at islamic azad university, sabzevar branch in 2012-2013. experiment was conducted as factorial arrangement in a randomized complete block design with three replications. factors were: mycorrhiza fungi type (glomus mosseae, glomus i...

Oneand two-factor models of the term structure of interest rates analysed by Babbs and Nowman are applied to the UK gilt-edged market. The two factors are identified with shortand long-term economic ‘news’ streams which may be correlated and effect the yield curve. Examples of short-term economic ‘news’ may include ‘rumours’ of interest rate decisions from the new Monetary Policy Committee of t...

Fish stocks experiencing high fishing mortality show a tendency to mature earlier and at a smaller size, which may have a genetic component and therefore long-lasting economic and biological effects. To date, the economic effects of such ecoevolutionary dynamics have not been empirically investigated. Using 70 y of data, we develop a bioeconomic model for Northeast Arctic cod to compare the eco...

A model for investigation of the optimal economic life cycle of grass leys with winter damage problems in northern Norway and the threshold of winter damage before it is profitable to reseed grasses is presented. A 2-level hierarchic Markov process has been constructed using the MLHMP software. The model takes uncertainty concerning the yield potential, damage estimation and weather dependent r...

The maximum sustainable yield (MSY) is, theoretically, the largest yield that can be taken from a single species’ stock over an indefinite period. Formulation of strategic MSY management goals is, however, complicated by the need to move beyond biological single-species considerations. Interactions among species necessitate multispecies (MMSY) definitions, incorporating ecological, economic and...

ABSTRACT- The aim of this study is economic analysis of supplemental irrigation (SI) for rain-fed fig trees in the south of Iran, with and without micro-catchment water harvesting systems (MCWHS). Under no MCWHS, by decreasing about 55 % of applied water, the fig yield decreased about 28% and net income increased twice compared with the maximum yield condition. In general, the ...

Chemical control of the citrus nematode, Tylenchulus semipenetrans Cobb, has consistently increased yield of grapefruit on sour orange rootstock in Texas. In this study, data from chemical control tests conducted from 1973 to 1980 were analyzed to determine the relationship between nematode counts and grapefruit yield and fruit size. The correlation between yield and nematode counts was negativ...