Estimating paternity and genetic relatedness is central to many empirical and theoretical studies of social insects. The two important measures of a queen's mating number are her actual number of mates and her effective number of mates. Estimating the effective number of mates is mathematically identical to the problem of estimating the effective number of alleles in population genetics, a comm...

Since 1990, the integer quantum Hall effect has provided the electrical resistance standard, and there has been a firm belief that the measured quantum Hall resistances are described only by fundamental physical constants--the elementary charge e and the Planck constant h. The metrological application seems not to rely on detailed knowledge of the microscopic picture of the quantum Hall effect;...

This paper presents a 5 bit charge-redistribution phase domain ADC (PhADC) implemented in 0.18 μm CMOS technology for low power FSK/PSK demodulation. An IQ-assisted conversion algorithm is proposed to avoid the need for an accurate linear combination of in-phase (I) and quadrature (Q) signals with various scaling factors in a conventional zerocrossing algorithm, thus eliminating the power consu...

One of the most important property of the computability is the certainty. For example a set of natural numbers is computable if there is a Turing machine which decides certainly if a given natural number belongs to the set or not, and no wrong answers are tolerant. On the other hand, the finitely bounded computability discussed in this paper allows finitely many mistakes which can be eventually...

In a vehicle license plate recognition system, tilt vehicle license plate has a bad effect on its character segmentation and recognition. In this paper, tilt models of a plate are analyzed and a approach for number plate tilt correction is presented. Hough Transformation is an effective method to obtain vertical or horizontal angle. Though rotating a correct angle, Tilt vehicle license will be ...