Collagen is the main structural and load-bearing element of various connective tissues, where it forms the extracellular matrix that supports cells. It has long been known that collagenous tissues exhibit a highly nonlinear stress-strain relationship [1, 2], although the origins of this nonlinearity remain unknown [3]. Here, we show that the nonlinear stiffening of reconstituted type I collagen...

Collagen is the main structural and load-bearing element of various connective tissues, where it forms the extracellular matrix that supports cells. It has long been known that collagenous tissues exhibit a highly nonlinear stress-strain relationship, although the origins of this nonlinearity remain unknown. Here, we show that the nonlinear stiffening of reconstituted type I collagen networks i...

Simulation of an object’s elastic deformation is an important feature in applications where three-dimensional object behavior is explored. In addition, the benefits of user-object interactions are best realized in interactive environments which require the rapid computation of deformations. In this paper we present a prototype of a system for the simulation of elastic objects in Virtual Environ...

To summarize the best available evidence in the last decade for managing ankle sprains in the community, data were collected using MEDLINE database from January 2000 to December 2009. Terms utilized: 'ankle injury primary care' (102 articles were found), 'ankle sprain primary care' (34 articles), 'ankle guidelines primary care' (25 articles), 'ankle pathways primary care' (2 articles), 'ankle s...

During measurements, the crankshafts of marine engines are usually supported on a set rigid prisms. Such prisms maintain constant height position, cause different values reaction forces and, consequently, may elastic deformations crankshafts. Thus, measurements dimensions and geometry crankshaft be distorted. This article proposes measuring system developed to support with flexible supports. Th...

The bending stiffness distribution of beams composed simple-span precast prestressed beams, which are made continuous by deck reinforcement at intermediate supports, is not constant. As the structure undergoes loading, slab support cracks earlier than span soffit and due to that changes along beam length. effect nonconstant on moment redistribution before yielding studied experimentally analyti...

Polydomain liquid crystalline (nematic) elastomers have highly unusual mechanical properties, dominated by the dramatically nonlinear stress–strain response that reflects stress-induced evolution of domain patterns. Here, we study classical Hertz indentation problem in such a material. Experimentally, find polydomain nematic display smaller exponent than 3/2 load vs. depth response. This is puz...

The main purpose of this paper is concerned with the sensitivity analysis of main rotor dynamic response pertaining to variation of some relevant system parameters effectively supports the preliminary design of both articulated and hingeless helicopter rotor configurations. The methodology is laid out based on Galerkin solution of partial differential equation (PDE) of main rotor with flexible ...