The paper develops model checking techniques to examine NetBill and Digicash. We show how model checking can nd atomicity problems by analyzing simpli ed versions of these protocols that retain crucial security problems. For our analysis we used the FDR model checker [13]. Note to reviewers: This is an extended abstract only. We anticipate that some of the work described in Section 5 will be co...

In this age of modern era, the use of internet must be maximized. Yeah, internet will help us very much not only for important thing but also for daily activities. Many people now, from any level can use internet. The sources of internet connection can also be enjoyed in many places. As one of the benefits is to get the on-line computer money a systematic overview of electronic payment systems ...

Recently, due to the introduction of NFC (Near Field Communication), it has become possible to make easy electronic payments. Therefore, a secure communication method is necessary in these environments. NFC can be said to be relatively safe compared to other communication methods, because it carries out communications within 10 cm. However, it has made possible the risk of impersonation attacks...