One of the major goals of the Large Hadron Collider is to probe the electroweak symmetry breaking mechanism and the generation of the masses of the elementary particles. We review the physics of the Higgs sector in the Standard Model and some of its extensions such as supersymmetric theories and models of extra dimensions. The prospects for discovering the Higgs particles at the LHC and the stu...

T he search for physics beyond the standard model—our current best description of fundamental particles and the interactions between them—is a top priority at high-energy particle accelerators. But researchers are also searching for new physics in the “low-energy” environment of the nucleus through a process known as neutrinoless double-beta (0νββ) decay. This hypothetical decay would show that...

We study two type effects of gravitational field on mechanical gyroscopes (i.e. rotating extended bodies). The first depends on special relativity and equivalence principle. The second is related to the coupling (i.e. a new force) between the spins of mechanical gyroscopes, which would violate the equivalent principle. In order to give a theoretical prediction to the second we suggest a spin-sp...

INTRODUCTION Protons, electrons, neutrons, neutrinos and even quarks are often featured in news of scientific discoveries. All of these, and a whole "zoo" of others, are tiny sub-atomic particles too small to be seen even with the microscopes. While molecules and atoms are the basic elements of familiar substances that we can see and feel, we have to "look" within atoms in order to learn about ...

The muon is an elementary particle. It has the same electric charge and spin as electron, but it about two hundred times heavier. was unexpected when observed in cosmic ray experiments 1936. “Who ordered that?” Isidor Rabi asked. Results concerning continue to surprise physicists may even point strong evidence for physics lying beyond Standard Model.

From the famous experiments of Stern and Gerlach to the present, measurements of magnetic dipole moments, and searches for electric dipole moments of “elementary” particles have played a major role in our understanding of sub-atomic physics. In this talk I discuss the progress on measurements and theory of the magnetic dipole moments of the electron and muon. I also discuss a new proposal to se...

We discuss the possible applications supersymmetric theories might nd in the eld of elementary particle physics. The supersymmetric generalization of the SU(3) SU(2) U(1) standard model is discussed in detail. Special attention has been devoted to the question of gauge coupling constant uni cation in the framework of supersymmetric grand uni ed models. * Lecture given at the conference "Gauge T...

The top quark with its mass of about 172 GeV/c is the most massive fundamental particle observed by experiment. In this talk we highlight the most recent measurements of several top quark properties performed with the CDF detector based on data samples corresponding to integrated luminosities up to 1 fb. These results include a search for top quark pair production via new massive resonances, me...

In this paper finite-dimensional Lorentz covariant bifurcation equations are constructed and their properties, solutions, and gradient structures are examined. The possible applications of these ideas and techniques to elementary particle physics are considered.

A pedagogical introduction is given to attempts to formulate a more fundamental theory of elementary particles than that provided by the standard model. After a review of the basic elements of the standard model, its unsatisfactory features, and ideas to modify them will be discussed. An introduction to Technicolour, t-quark condensates, supersymmetric models, GUT's and a brief comment on compo...