This study was aimed to observe that extremely low frequency magnetic field (ELF-MF) may be relevant to changes of major neurotransmitters in rat brain. After the exposure to ELF-MF (60 Hz, 2.0 mT) for 2 or 5 days, we measured the levels of biogenic amines and their metabolites, amino acid neurotransmitters and nitric oxide (NO) in the cortex, striatum, thalamus, cerebellum and hippocampus. The...

This study was performed to investigate the effects of extremely low frequency pulsed electromagnetic fields (ELF-PEMFs) on the proliferation and differentiation of human alveolar bone-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hABMSCs). Osteogenesis is a complex series of events involving the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells to generate new bone. In this study, we examined not merely the effect ...

The present study was designed to investigate the influence of Extremely low frequency magnetic field (ELF MF) on depression related behavior, and mechanism involved therein. Mice were exposed to ELF MF (50Hz, 10G) 8h/day for 7, 30, 60, 90 and 120 days. Depression was assessed using forced swim test (FST), in which no significant effect was observed on 7 t h, 30t h, 60 t h, 90t h exposure day. ...

The respiratory manifestations of cystic fibrosis (CF) are characterized by neutrophil-dominated airway inflammation. Since a variety of inflammatory stimuli are capable of inducing bronchial epithelial cells to express the gene for IL-8, a cytokine that attracts and activates neutrophils, mediators in respiratory epithelial lining fluid (ELF) of CF individuals might induce IL-8 production by e...

Epidemiologic studies have shown the relation between exposure to extremely low frequency magnetic fields (ELF-MFs) and childhood leukemia, so assessment of children exposure levels in different environments is considered as a serious precedence. Present study aimed at determining ELF-MFs flux densities near schools in Tehran. Measurements were performed near randomly selected schools in three ...

The prognosis in gastric cancer has been almost unchanged for the last 20 years. At the time of diagnosis the majority of patients have disseminated disease. The 5-year survival is only about 15%. Several efforts with numerous antineoplastic regimens have been studied. The most widely used regimen has been the FAM (5-fluorouracil, adriamycin, mitomycin C) regimen. Because of the cardiotoxicity ...

Temperature is an important factor in research on the biological effects of extremely low-frequency electromagnetic field (ELF-EMF), but interactions between ELF-EMF and temperature remain unknown. The effects of ELF-EMF (50 Hz, 3 mT) on the lifespan, locomotion, heat shock response (HSR), and oxidative stress (OS) of Canton-Special (CS) and mutant w1118 flies were investigated at 25°C and 35°C...

[1] Modulated HF heating of the auroral electrojet is used to inject ELF signals into the magnetosphere that are observed on the low altitude DEMETER spacecraft. The HF heater is a component of the High-Frequency Active Auroral Research Program (HAARP) facility in Gakona, Alaska, (located at L 4.9). Simultaneous observations of all six components of the ELF electromagnetic fields on the DEMETER...

OBJECTIVES When evaluating the pharmacodynamics of antimicrobials, assumptions are often made relative to their pharmacokinetics. One example of this is applying tissue penetration results of uninfected hosts to those displaying a targeted illness. As tigecycline evolves into a potential treatment option for pneumonia, we determined whether the presence of a lung infection affected the penetrat...

The composition of simple behaviors is a common practice to obtain complex behaviors from autonomous agents. In this paper, we present S-ELF, a reinforcement learning approach that learns to coordinate pre-defined basic behaviors and is derived from ELF (Evolutonary Learning of Fuzzy rules) (Bonarini, 1993), (Bonarini, 1996a). S-ELF (Symbolic ELF) learns the context of activation for each of th...