Introduction: Refractive disturbances have been observed during hyperglycemia. However, there remains controversy as to the types of that it induces. Objective: To determine refractive hyperglycemia in humans. Population and Methods: This was an observational cross-sectional study with analytical purpose conducted from July November 2021. Emmetropia, hypermetropia, myopia well blood glucose lev...

Aims and objective: To compare surgically induced astigmatism(SIA) in L-shaped vs straight incision manual small cataract surgery(SICS). Material method: 60 patients aged 35 years above with uncomplicated nuclear sclerosis of any grade were included the study who divided into 2 groups randomly. 30 underwent SICS scleral incision. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 15.0 statistical analysis ca...

Using topical instillation of non-selective and selective beta-adrenoceptor antagonists we examine the proposal that a deficit in inhibitory sympathetic innervation of ciliary smooth muscle may be a specific precursor to the onset and development of late-onset myopia (LOM). Post-task accommodative hysteresis, a possible consequence of such a deficit, was assessed by measuring the time-course of...

PURPOSE To investigate the safety, efficacy, and stability of photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) performed with a newly developed solid-state laser after 1-year follow-up. METHODS The all-solid-state, Q-switched, frequency-shifted laser (LaserSoft; Katana Technologies, Berlin, Germany) with a Gaussian spot diameter of 0.2 mm and repetition rate of 1 kHz was used. Eleven eyes of six patients we...

With an aging population, prevalence of visual impairment (VI) is expected to increase as well. A retrospective study was conducted involving the files older adult patients aged 60 years and above from Primary Eye Care (PEC) Optometry Clinic Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM). This aimed determine causes VI among adults. by reviewing who had visited PEC UKM 2009 2019. Socio-demographic, healt...

PURPOSE Refraction in the peripheral visual field is believed to play an important role in the development of myopia. The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences in peripheral refraction among anisomyopia, isomyopia, and isoemmetropia for schoolchildren. METHODS Thirty-eight anisomyopic children were recruited and divided into two groups: (1) both eyes were myopic (anisomyopi...

PURPOSE To examine if central corneal thickness (CCT) is different in emmetropia and high myopia. METHODS 57 emmetropic subjects (0 to + 1.5 D) and 48 high myopes (all more than - 6 D in spherical equivalent refraction) were studied. CCT was measured by a Haag-Streit Optical Low-Coherence Reflectometry (OLCR) pachymeter, a recently developed high precision pachymeter with a standard deviation...

Methods: Baseline and 6-week data from a longitudinal controlled study were analyzed. Subjects were 70 preschoolers (mean age, 4.6 years; 60.0% were female; and 85.7% were Latino), including 35 children with previously uncorrected ametropia and 35 emmetropic control subjects. Ametropia was defined as bilateral hyperopia of 4.00 diopters (D) or more in children aged 3 to 5 years, astigmatism of ...