cases of ampullary lesions, differential diagnosis between tumors and inflammation by endoscopic findings is sometimes challenging. Even if operators have experience in endo-scopic techniques, diagnostic accuracy by gross morphology is only 67%. Although histologic evaluation of ampullary le-sions with forceps biopsy is performed during endoscopy, there is still a risk of false negativity for t...

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) metastasis to duodenum is very rare and only a few case reports are available in the literature. We here reported a patient with solitary duodenal metastasis presented with melena six years after right nephrectomy. The patient underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy showing ulcerative mass at the second portion of duodenum and biopsy of this mass was consistent wit...

1. Caletti G, Ferrari A, Brocchi E, Barbara L. Accuracy of endoscopic ultrasonography in the diagnosis and staging of gastric cancer and lymphoma. Surgery 1993; 113:14-27. 2. Palazzo L, Roseau G, Ruskone-Fourmestraux A, et al. Endoscopic ultrasonography in the local staging of primary gastric lymphoma. Endoscopy 1993; 25:502-8. 3. Van Dam J. The role of endoscopic ultrasonography in monitoring ...

INTRODUCTION Adult choanal atresia is a rare congenital malformation of the nasal cavity characterized by the complete obliteration of the posterior choanae, only ninth cases are reported in the literature, we present in our observation the tenth case of adult bilateral choanal atresia. PRESENTATION OF CASE A 18-year-old man presented at our department with complaints of nasal obstruction, na...

In this study we propose an endoscopic image enhancement technique named dynamic band imaging (DBI) which temporally changes color conversion matrix. DBI is based on the estimation of multi-spectral band images to enhance the endoscopic color images in order to distinguish the slight color difference of early-stage cancer more clearly. Since this method can be implemented by only using software...

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy by the posterior lacrimal sac approach without use of lacrimal stents or harvest of mucosal flaps as a valid surgical procedure for the treatment of an obstruction of the lacrimal pathways. A retrospective evaluation was conducted in a cohort of 75 patients between 2007 and 2011. A total of 78 endosco...

Lymphocytic gastritis (LG) is a rare subtype of chronic gastritis. It is defined as dense proliferation of intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs) more than 25 lymphocytes per 100 epithelial cells. The known major causes of LG are celiac disease and Helicobacter pylori infection. H. pylori associated LG (HpLG) has more enhanced cytotoxic and apoptotic tendencies than chronic H. pylori gastritis. A 1...

BACKGROUND Endoscopic transnasal approaches to the orbit have been recently described and they have been proposed as an option in the surgical management of medial and inferior orbital lesions. METHODS Retrospective evaluation of 3 patients operated on in our department during 2011 to remove a cavernous hemangioma of the inferior-medial orbit. Two patients were operated on via an endoscopic t...

BACKGROUND Symptomatic presentations of colonic lipomas are very rare in clinical practice, and may mimic colonic malignancy. The likelihood of presenting symptoms has been shown to depend on the size of the lesion. CASE PRESENTATION We describe the case of a 72-year-old Sinhalese man presenting with worsening mucoid diarrhea who was subsequently diagnosed to have a lipoma of the sigmoid colo...

Upper urinary tract urothelial tumors reflect a small but growing number of urologic malignancies. The application of progressive endoscopic therapies including ureteroscopic and percutaneous nephroscopic resection and topical chemotherapy have found success, defined as the preservation of the renal unit without malignant progression, in those with low grade lesions. Careful and meticulous diag...